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Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico

Mexico, one of the countries severely affected by COVID-19, accumulated more than 5. 1 all-cause excess deaths/1,000 inhabitants and 2.5 COVID-19 confirmed deaths/1,000 inhabitants, in 2 years. In this scenario of high SARS-CoV-2 circulation, we analyzed the effectiveness of the country's vacci...

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Autores principales: Domínguez-Ramírez, Lenin, Solis-Tejeda, Itzel, Ayon-Aguilar, Jorge, Mayoral-Ortiz, Antonio, Sosa-Jurado, Francisca, Pelayo, Rosana, Santos-López, Gerardo, Cortes-Hernandez, Paulina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9513220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36176536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1010256
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author Domínguez-Ramírez, Lenin
Solis-Tejeda, Itzel
Ayon-Aguilar, Jorge
Mayoral-Ortiz, Antonio
Sosa-Jurado, Francisca
Pelayo, Rosana
Santos-López, Gerardo
Cortes-Hernandez, Paulina
author_facet Domínguez-Ramírez, Lenin
Solis-Tejeda, Itzel
Ayon-Aguilar, Jorge
Mayoral-Ortiz, Antonio
Sosa-Jurado, Francisca
Pelayo, Rosana
Santos-López, Gerardo
Cortes-Hernandez, Paulina
author_sort Domínguez-Ramírez, Lenin
collection PubMed
description Mexico, one of the countries severely affected by COVID-19, accumulated more than 5. 1 all-cause excess deaths/1,000 inhabitants and 2.5 COVID-19 confirmed deaths/1,000 inhabitants, in 2 years. In this scenario of high SARS-CoV-2 circulation, we analyzed the effectiveness of the country's vaccination strategy that used 7 different vaccines from around the world, and focused on vaccinating the oldest population first. We analyzed the national dataset published by Mexican health authorities, as a retrospective cohort, separating cases, hospitalizations, deaths and excess deaths by wave and age group. We explored if the vaccination strategy was effective to limit severe COVID-19 during the active outbreaks caused by Delta and Omicron variants. Vaccination of the eldest third of the population reduced COVID-19 hospitalizations, deaths and excess deaths by 46–55% in the third wave driven by Delta SARS-CoV-2. These adverse outcomes dropped 74–85% by the fourth wave driven by Omicron, when all adults had access to vaccines. Vaccine access for the pregnant resulted in 85–90% decrease in COVID-19 fatalities in pregnant individuals and 80% decrease in infants 0 years old by the Omicron wave. In contrast, in the rest of the pediatric population that did not access vaccination before the period analyzed, COVID-19 hospitalizations increased >40% during the Delta and Omicron waves. Our analysis suggests that the vaccination strategy in Mexico has been successful to limit population mortality and decrease severe COVID-19, but children in Mexico still need access to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to limit severe COVID-19, in particular those 1–4 years old.
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spelling pubmed-95132202022-09-28 Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico Domínguez-Ramírez, Lenin Solis-Tejeda, Itzel Ayon-Aguilar, Jorge Mayoral-Ortiz, Antonio Sosa-Jurado, Francisca Pelayo, Rosana Santos-López, Gerardo Cortes-Hernandez, Paulina Front Public Health Public Health Mexico, one of the countries severely affected by COVID-19, accumulated more than 5. 1 all-cause excess deaths/1,000 inhabitants and 2.5 COVID-19 confirmed deaths/1,000 inhabitants, in 2 years. In this scenario of high SARS-CoV-2 circulation, we analyzed the effectiveness of the country's vaccination strategy that used 7 different vaccines from around the world, and focused on vaccinating the oldest population first. We analyzed the national dataset published by Mexican health authorities, as a retrospective cohort, separating cases, hospitalizations, deaths and excess deaths by wave and age group. We explored if the vaccination strategy was effective to limit severe COVID-19 during the active outbreaks caused by Delta and Omicron variants. Vaccination of the eldest third of the population reduced COVID-19 hospitalizations, deaths and excess deaths by 46–55% in the third wave driven by Delta SARS-CoV-2. These adverse outcomes dropped 74–85% by the fourth wave driven by Omicron, when all adults had access to vaccines. Vaccine access for the pregnant resulted in 85–90% decrease in COVID-19 fatalities in pregnant individuals and 80% decrease in infants 0 years old by the Omicron wave. In contrast, in the rest of the pediatric population that did not access vaccination before the period analyzed, COVID-19 hospitalizations increased >40% during the Delta and Omicron waves. Our analysis suggests that the vaccination strategy in Mexico has been successful to limit population mortality and decrease severe COVID-19, but children in Mexico still need access to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to limit severe COVID-19, in particular those 1–4 years old. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9513220/ /pubmed/36176536 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1010256 Text en Copyright © 2022 Domínguez-Ramírez, Solis-Tejeda, Ayon-Aguilar, Mayoral-Ortiz, Sosa-Jurado, Pelayo, Santos-López and Cortes-Hernandez. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Domínguez-Ramírez, Lenin
Solis-Tejeda, Itzel
Ayon-Aguilar, Jorge
Mayoral-Ortiz, Antonio
Sosa-Jurado, Francisca
Pelayo, Rosana
Santos-López, Gerardo
Cortes-Hernandez, Paulina
Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico
title Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico
title_full Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico
title_fullStr Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico
title_short Decrease in COVID-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves, after vaccination in Mexico
title_sort decrease in covid-19 adverse outcomes in adults during the delta and omicron sars-cov-2 waves, after vaccination in mexico
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9513220/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36176536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1010256
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