A case of Schistosoma japonicum retroperitoneal pseudotumor diagnosed by cone-beam CT-guided coaxial biopsy system

We report a rare case of retroperitoneal pseudotumor caused by Schistosoma japonicum that was diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) guided percutaneous biopsy in a 15-year-old Filipino male. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass lesion, including a mesenteric artery, in the right retroperitoneal space. His mother had a history of S. japonicum infection but his initial stool examination was negative. As schistosomiasis was suspected, cone-beam CT-guided biopsy was performed to enable transcatheter therapeutic arterial embolization to be performed immediately in the event of hemorrhage. Histopathological examination revealed schistosomal eggs. Cone-beam CT-guided technique with a coaxial biopsy system is a safe and accurate diagnostic procedure for S. japonicum retroperitoneal pseudotumor.