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Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters

Initially “meaningless” and randomly generated sounds can be learned over exposure. This is demonstrated by studies where repetitions of randomly determined sound patterns are detected better if they are the same sounds presented on previous trials than if they are novel. This experiment posed two n...

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Autor principal: Wisniewski, Matthew G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9515577/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36186319
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.957389
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author Wisniewski, Matthew G.
author_facet Wisniewski, Matthew G.
author_sort Wisniewski, Matthew G.
collection PubMed
description Initially “meaningless” and randomly generated sounds can be learned over exposure. This is demonstrated by studies where repetitions of randomly determined sound patterns are detected better if they are the same sounds presented on previous trials than if they are novel. This experiment posed two novel questions about this learning. First, does familiarization with a sound outside of the repetition detection context facilitate later performance? Second, does familiarization enhance performance when repeats are interleaved with distracters? Listeners were first trained to categorize a unique pattern of synchronous complex tone trains (210 ms in duration) from other tone trains with similar qualities (familiarization phase). They were then tasked to detect repeated pattern presentations interleaved with similar distracters in 4.2 s long excerpts (repetition detection phase). The familiarized pattern (Familiar Fixed – FF), an unfamiliar pattern that remained fixed throughout (Unfamiliar Fixed – UF), or patterns that were uniquely determined on each trial (Unfamiliar Unfixed – UU) could be presented as repeats. FF patterns were learned at a faster rate and achieved higher repetition detection sensitivity than UF and UU patterns. Similarly, FF patterns also showed steeper learning slopes in their response times (RTs) than UF patterns. The data show that familiarity with a “meaningless” sound pattern on its own (i.e., without repetition) can facilitate repetition detection even in the presence of distracters. Familiarity effects become most apparent in the potential for learning.
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spelling pubmed-95155772022-09-29 Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters Wisniewski, Matthew G. Front Psychol Psychology Initially “meaningless” and randomly generated sounds can be learned over exposure. This is demonstrated by studies where repetitions of randomly determined sound patterns are detected better if they are the same sounds presented on previous trials than if they are novel. This experiment posed two novel questions about this learning. First, does familiarization with a sound outside of the repetition detection context facilitate later performance? Second, does familiarization enhance performance when repeats are interleaved with distracters? Listeners were first trained to categorize a unique pattern of synchronous complex tone trains (210 ms in duration) from other tone trains with similar qualities (familiarization phase). They were then tasked to detect repeated pattern presentations interleaved with similar distracters in 4.2 s long excerpts (repetition detection phase). The familiarized pattern (Familiar Fixed – FF), an unfamiliar pattern that remained fixed throughout (Unfamiliar Fixed – UF), or patterns that were uniquely determined on each trial (Unfamiliar Unfixed – UU) could be presented as repeats. FF patterns were learned at a faster rate and achieved higher repetition detection sensitivity than UF and UU patterns. Similarly, FF patterns also showed steeper learning slopes in their response times (RTs) than UF patterns. The data show that familiarity with a “meaningless” sound pattern on its own (i.e., without repetition) can facilitate repetition detection even in the presence of distracters. Familiarity effects become most apparent in the potential for learning. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9515577/ /pubmed/36186319 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.957389 Text en Copyright © 2022 Wisniewski. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Wisniewski, Matthew G.
Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
title Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
title_full Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
title_fullStr Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
title_full_unstemmed Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
title_short Familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
title_sort familiarization with meaningless sound patterns facilitates learning to detect those patterns among distracters
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9515577/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36186319
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.957389
work_keys_str_mv AT wisniewskimatthewg familiarizationwithmeaninglesssoundpatternsfacilitateslearningtodetectthosepatternsamongdistracters