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Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?

Objectives: The study aimed to measure the level of attitudes and the current practices of the female community in Brunei Darussalam regarding the usage of cosmetics. Methods: An online survey was conducted using a non-probabilistic snowball sampling approach via the social media channels WhatsApp a...

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Autores principales: Ming, Long Chiau, Azmi, Nur Hafizah Raudhah, Goh, Hui Poh, Chaw, Li Ling, Goh, Khang Wen, Elkudssiah Ismail, Nahlah, Paneerselvam, Ganesh Sritheran, Hermansyah, Andi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9518480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36078298
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710584
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author Ming, Long Chiau
Azmi, Nur Hafizah Raudhah
Goh, Hui Poh
Chaw, Li Ling
Goh, Khang Wen
Elkudssiah Ismail, Nahlah
Paneerselvam, Ganesh Sritheran
Hermansyah, Andi
author_facet Ming, Long Chiau
Azmi, Nur Hafizah Raudhah
Goh, Hui Poh
Chaw, Li Ling
Goh, Khang Wen
Elkudssiah Ismail, Nahlah
Paneerselvam, Ganesh Sritheran
Hermansyah, Andi
author_sort Ming, Long Chiau
collection PubMed
description Objectives: The study aimed to measure the level of attitudes and the current practices of the female community in Brunei Darussalam regarding the usage of cosmetics. Methods: An online survey was conducted using a non-probabilistic snowball sampling approach via the social media channels WhatsApp and Instagram. The inclusion criteria were female Bruneian citizens or permanent residents, aged between 18 and 65 years old, who can understand English or Malay, and use cosmetic products at least once a day. Results: A total of 445 participants responded to the online survey. Most of the participants agreed that the use of cosmetic products improves one’s physical appearance to the public (391, 87.8%) and also improves self-confidence (405, 91.1%). There were significant differences in monthly cosmetic product expenses and participants’ attitudes about safe cosmetic use (p = 0.001). No significant changes in the individuals’ attitudes based on their age or educational level were observed. Overall, the participants had a good level of cosmetic safety practice. Almost half of the participants use social media to obtain information regarding what cosmetics to use or purchase. Conclusion: There is a medium to high level of attitude and a high level of practice regarding the safe use of cosmetics among Bruneian female adults. Social media was the main source of information for the respondents, followed by friend circle and family members.
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spelling pubmed-95184802022-09-29 Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe? Ming, Long Chiau Azmi, Nur Hafizah Raudhah Goh, Hui Poh Chaw, Li Ling Goh, Khang Wen Elkudssiah Ismail, Nahlah Paneerselvam, Ganesh Sritheran Hermansyah, Andi Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objectives: The study aimed to measure the level of attitudes and the current practices of the female community in Brunei Darussalam regarding the usage of cosmetics. Methods: An online survey was conducted using a non-probabilistic snowball sampling approach via the social media channels WhatsApp and Instagram. The inclusion criteria were female Bruneian citizens or permanent residents, aged between 18 and 65 years old, who can understand English or Malay, and use cosmetic products at least once a day. Results: A total of 445 participants responded to the online survey. Most of the participants agreed that the use of cosmetic products improves one’s physical appearance to the public (391, 87.8%) and also improves self-confidence (405, 91.1%). There were significant differences in monthly cosmetic product expenses and participants’ attitudes about safe cosmetic use (p = 0.001). No significant changes in the individuals’ attitudes based on their age or educational level were observed. Overall, the participants had a good level of cosmetic safety practice. Almost half of the participants use social media to obtain information regarding what cosmetics to use or purchase. Conclusion: There is a medium to high level of attitude and a high level of practice regarding the safe use of cosmetics among Bruneian female adults. Social media was the main source of information for the respondents, followed by friend circle and family members. MDPI 2022-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9518480/ /pubmed/36078298 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710584 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ming, Long Chiau
Azmi, Nur Hafizah Raudhah
Goh, Hui Poh
Chaw, Li Ling
Goh, Khang Wen
Elkudssiah Ismail, Nahlah
Paneerselvam, Ganesh Sritheran
Hermansyah, Andi
Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?
title Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?
title_full Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?
title_fullStr Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?
title_full_unstemmed Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?
title_short Cosmetics: What Do Bruneian Female Adults Believe?
title_sort cosmetics: what do bruneian female adults believe?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9518480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36078298
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710584
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