Sinusitis and its association with deviated nasal septum at a tertiary hospital: A retrospective study

OBJECTIVES: Sinusitis is common and deviated nasal septum (DNS) is a frequent anatomical variant in the paranasal sinuses (PNS). Whether DNS can cause sinusitis has been a subject of debate. This study determined the rate of sinusitis and its possible association with DNS and other factors in patients attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). METHODS: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study and reviewed the electronic health records of KAUH retrospectively. We recruited all patients aged ≥18 years who were referred to the Diagnostic Radiology Department for a PNS computed tomography scan from January 2018 to December 2020. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 676 participants met the eligibility criteria, with a mean (SD) age of 38.9 (13) years. Sinusitis was present in 47.5% of patients, 54.8% ofwhich were males. Patients aged 31–40 years suffered sinusitis more than the other age groups.Approximately three-fourths (75.1%) of the total sample had DNS, and 51.3% of them had sinusitis. Those who did not have DNS but had sinusitis were 27.8%.There were significant associations between sinusitis and both sex (P <0.001) and age (P <0.05). Patients with DNS were approximately three times more likely to have sinusitis than those without DNS (OR =2.74, 95% CI:1.86–4.04; P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Almost half of the patients had sinusitis, and three-fourths had DNS. Sex, age, and DNS are possible factors associated with sinusitis. Assessing the presence of DNS and correcting it, if possible, is recommended to prevent the occurrence of sinusitis.