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Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?

Socioeconomic status-related (SES-related) health disparities are worsening across resource-rich environments, despite increased knowledge about health determinants and inducements for healthful behavior change. We ask whether insights from addiction science and evolutionary biology may assist under...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Braithwaite, R. Scott, Schwartz, Mark D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9519780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36188753
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604830
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author Braithwaite, R. Scott
Schwartz, Mark D.
author_facet Braithwaite, R. Scott
Schwartz, Mark D.
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description Socioeconomic status-related (SES-related) health disparities are worsening across resource-rich environments, despite increased knowledge about health determinants and inducements for healthful behavior change. We ask whether insights from addiction science and evolutionary biology may assist understanding and counteracting SES-related health disparities. It is known that a mismatch between evolved traits and behaviors that conserve energy drives many health deficits. We posit that this energy mismatch is one manifestation of a more expansive mismatch in levels of reward activation, between environments more versus less manipulated by human activity. This larger mismatch explains why SES-related health disparities arise not only from overeating and excessive sedentism, but also from alcohol, nicotine, other substances, and mood disorders. Lower SES persons are more likely to have lower baseline reward activation, which leads to higher prioritization of reward elevating activities, and at the same time are less likely to act on knowledge about unhealthfulness of behaviors.
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spelling pubmed-95197802022-09-30 Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities? Braithwaite, R. Scott Schwartz, Mark D. Int J Public Health Public Health Archive Socioeconomic status-related (SES-related) health disparities are worsening across resource-rich environments, despite increased knowledge about health determinants and inducements for healthful behavior change. We ask whether insights from addiction science and evolutionary biology may assist understanding and counteracting SES-related health disparities. It is known that a mismatch between evolved traits and behaviors that conserve energy drives many health deficits. We posit that this energy mismatch is one manifestation of a more expansive mismatch in levels of reward activation, between environments more versus less manipulated by human activity. This larger mismatch explains why SES-related health disparities arise not only from overeating and excessive sedentism, but also from alcohol, nicotine, other substances, and mood disorders. Lower SES persons are more likely to have lower baseline reward activation, which leads to higher prioritization of reward elevating activities, and at the same time are less likely to act on knowledge about unhealthfulness of behaviors. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9519780/ /pubmed/36188753 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604830 Text en Copyright © 2022 Braithwaite and Schwartz. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health Archive
Braithwaite, R. Scott
Schwartz, Mark D.
Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?
title Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?
title_full Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?
title_fullStr Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?
title_full_unstemmed Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?
title_short Misalignment of Reward Response With Healthful Behavior: An Underappreciated Driver of Population Health Deficits and Health Disparities?
title_sort misalignment of reward response with healthful behavior: an underappreciated driver of population health deficits and health disparities?
topic Public Health Archive
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9519780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36188753
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604830
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