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Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules

The progressive decline of bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture are hallmarks of the bone aging. The resulting increase in bone fragility is the leading cause of bone fractures, a major cause of disability. As the frontline pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis suffer from...

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Autores principales: Gambari, Laura, Grigolo, Brunella, Grassi, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9521401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36187121
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.937956
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author Gambari, Laura
Grigolo, Brunella
Grassi, Francesco
author_facet Gambari, Laura
Grigolo, Brunella
Grassi, Francesco
author_sort Gambari, Laura
collection PubMed
description The progressive decline of bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture are hallmarks of the bone aging. The resulting increase in bone fragility is the leading cause of bone fractures, a major cause of disability. As the frontline pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis suffer from low patients’ adherence and occasional side effects, the importance of diet regimens for the prevention of excessive bone fragility has been increasingly recognized. Indeed, certain diet components have been already associated to a reduced fracture risk. Organosulfur compounds are a broad class of molecules containing sulfur. Among them, several molecules of potential therapeutic interest are found in edible plants belonging to the Allium and Brassica botanical genera. Polysulfides derived from Alliaceae and isothiocyanates derived from Brassicaceae hold remarkable nutraceutical potential as anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vasorelaxant and hypolipemic. Some of these effects are linked to the ability to release the gasotrasmitter hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). Recent preclinical studies have investigated the effect of organosulfur compounds in bone wasting and metabolic bone diseases, revealing a strong potential to preserve skeletal health by exerting cytoprotection and stimulating the bone forming activity by osteoblasts and attenuating bone resorption by osteoclasts. This review is intended for revising evidence from preclinical and epidemiological studies on the skeletal effects of organosulfur molecules of dietary origin, with emphasis on the direct regulation of bone cells by plant-derived polysulfides, glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Moreover, we highlight the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the biological role of these compounds and revise the importance of the so-called ‘H(2)S-system’ on the regulation of bone homeostasis.
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spelling pubmed-95214012022-09-30 Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules Gambari, Laura Grigolo, Brunella Grassi, Francesco Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology The progressive decline of bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture are hallmarks of the bone aging. The resulting increase in bone fragility is the leading cause of bone fractures, a major cause of disability. As the frontline pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis suffer from low patients’ adherence and occasional side effects, the importance of diet regimens for the prevention of excessive bone fragility has been increasingly recognized. Indeed, certain diet components have been already associated to a reduced fracture risk. Organosulfur compounds are a broad class of molecules containing sulfur. Among them, several molecules of potential therapeutic interest are found in edible plants belonging to the Allium and Brassica botanical genera. Polysulfides derived from Alliaceae and isothiocyanates derived from Brassicaceae hold remarkable nutraceutical potential as anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vasorelaxant and hypolipemic. Some of these effects are linked to the ability to release the gasotrasmitter hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). Recent preclinical studies have investigated the effect of organosulfur compounds in bone wasting and metabolic bone diseases, revealing a strong potential to preserve skeletal health by exerting cytoprotection and stimulating the bone forming activity by osteoblasts and attenuating bone resorption by osteoclasts. This review is intended for revising evidence from preclinical and epidemiological studies on the skeletal effects of organosulfur molecules of dietary origin, with emphasis on the direct regulation of bone cells by plant-derived polysulfides, glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Moreover, we highlight the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the biological role of these compounds and revise the importance of the so-called ‘H(2)S-system’ on the regulation of bone homeostasis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9521401/ /pubmed/36187121 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.937956 Text en Copyright © 2022 Gambari, Grigolo and Grassi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Gambari, Laura
Grigolo, Brunella
Grassi, Francesco
Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
title Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
title_full Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
title_fullStr Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
title_full_unstemmed Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
title_short Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
title_sort dietary organosulfur compounds: emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9521401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36187121
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.937956
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