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Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine

The present study is aimed to evaluate the effect of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the growth performance and immune enhancement of pseudorabies virus (PRV)-inactivated vaccine in the early-weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty-five 28-day-old weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control grou...

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Autores principales: Ren, Qinghai, Wang, Xiaobo, Gao, Qingqing, Wang, Gaiqin, Chen, Xiaochen, Liu, Chunxue, Gao, Song, Li, Yubao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9521419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36187807
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.891157
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author Ren, Qinghai
Wang, Xiaobo
Gao, Qingqing
Wang, Gaiqin
Chen, Xiaochen
Liu, Chunxue
Gao, Song
Li, Yubao
author_facet Ren, Qinghai
Wang, Xiaobo
Gao, Qingqing
Wang, Gaiqin
Chen, Xiaochen
Liu, Chunxue
Gao, Song
Li, Yubao
author_sort Ren, Qinghai
collection PubMed
description The present study is aimed to evaluate the effect of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the growth performance and immune enhancement of pseudorabies virus (PRV)-inactivated vaccine in the early-weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty-five 28-day-old weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, no vaccine and no challenge), challenge control group (C-CON), inactivated PRV vaccine group (IPV), IPV + 500 mg/kg GML group (L-GML), and IPV + 1,000 mg/kg GML group (H-GML) during the entire 28-day experimental period. All the data analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons. Our results showed that the final weight, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of H-GML were the highest in each group, and F/G of H-GML was increased but there was no significant difference with CON (p > 0.05). Levels of PRV glycoprotein B (gB) antibody and immunoglobulin in serum of L-GML and H-GML were higher than those of IPV, but only gB antibody levels and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in H-GML were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with IPV, the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in serum of L-GML (TNF-α and IL-1β: p > 0.05, IL-6: p < 0.05, respectively) and H-GML (p < 0.01, both) were all decreased, and the content of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in H-GML was increased (p > 0.05). Furthermore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments proved that L-GML and H-GML were both superior to IPV in inhibiting the expression of TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p > 0.05), and IL-1β (p < 0.01) mRNAs and promoting the expression of IL-10 mRNA (L-GML: p > 0.05, H-GML: p < 0.05, respectively) in the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Histopathological examination found mild congestion in the lung and inguinal lymph nodes of IPV, while the tissues (brain, lung, and inguinal lymph nodes) of L-GML and H-GML were the same as CON with no obvious lesions. The above results indicate that GML may improve the growth performance of weaned piglets and enhance the immunity of PRV-inactivated vaccine by increasing the levels of PRV gB antibody and immunoglobulin and regulating cytokine levels.
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spelling pubmed-95214192022-09-30 Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine Ren, Qinghai Wang, Xiaobo Gao, Qingqing Wang, Gaiqin Chen, Xiaochen Liu, Chunxue Gao, Song Li, Yubao Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science The present study is aimed to evaluate the effect of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the growth performance and immune enhancement of pseudorabies virus (PRV)-inactivated vaccine in the early-weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty-five 28-day-old weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, no vaccine and no challenge), challenge control group (C-CON), inactivated PRV vaccine group (IPV), IPV + 500 mg/kg GML group (L-GML), and IPV + 1,000 mg/kg GML group (H-GML) during the entire 28-day experimental period. All the data analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons. Our results showed that the final weight, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of H-GML were the highest in each group, and F/G of H-GML was increased but there was no significant difference with CON (p > 0.05). Levels of PRV glycoprotein B (gB) antibody and immunoglobulin in serum of L-GML and H-GML were higher than those of IPV, but only gB antibody levels and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in H-GML were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with IPV, the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in serum of L-GML (TNF-α and IL-1β: p > 0.05, IL-6: p < 0.05, respectively) and H-GML (p < 0.01, both) were all decreased, and the content of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in H-GML was increased (p > 0.05). Furthermore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments proved that L-GML and H-GML were both superior to IPV in inhibiting the expression of TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p > 0.05), and IL-1β (p < 0.01) mRNAs and promoting the expression of IL-10 mRNA (L-GML: p > 0.05, H-GML: p < 0.05, respectively) in the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Histopathological examination found mild congestion in the lung and inguinal lymph nodes of IPV, while the tissues (brain, lung, and inguinal lymph nodes) of L-GML and H-GML were the same as CON with no obvious lesions. The above results indicate that GML may improve the growth performance of weaned piglets and enhance the immunity of PRV-inactivated vaccine by increasing the levels of PRV gB antibody and immunoglobulin and regulating cytokine levels. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9521419/ /pubmed/36187807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.891157 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ren, Wang, Gao, Wang, Chen, Liu, Gao and Li. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Ren, Qinghai
Wang, Xiaobo
Gao, Qingqing
Wang, Gaiqin
Chen, Xiaochen
Liu, Chunxue
Gao, Song
Li, Yubao
Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine
title Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine
title_full Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine
title_fullStr Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine
title_full_unstemmed Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine
title_short Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine
title_sort glycerol monolaurate to ameliorate efficacy of inactivated pseudorabies vaccine
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9521419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36187807
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.891157
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