Psychische und körperliche Belastung im Rettungsdienst: Zusammenhang des arbeitsbezogenen Verhaltens und der Beanspruchungsfolgen

BACKGROUND: Ambulance workers are subject to a variety of work-related stress factors. These are counteracted by work-related resources. The aim of this work was to survey the mental and physical stress factors in emergency services personnel and to analyze the relationships between work-related behavior and stress consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-six emergency services personnel (39.3 ± 8.04 years old) participated. The survey included occupational questions as well as questionnaires for the subjective assessment of stress at work according to Slesina, work-related behavior and experience patterns (AVEM), recovery stress (EBF), and physical, psychological, and social symptoms (KOEPS). RESULTS: The stresses reported by most respondents were awkward posture, lifting/carrying heavy loads, physical labor, and shift work. The highest rating for stress intensities was shift work (76.9% “often”). About one-third of the respondents showed a risk pattern of work-related behavior. KOEPS and EBF results were not abnormal. Behavioral traits that reflect job-related emotions correlated positively with recovery and negatively with strain and health complaints, which is consistent with theory. Striving for perfection, offensive problem solving, and professional ambition were not or hardly associated with the stress consequences. DISCUSSION: The risk assessment and collection of work-related behavioral data of emergency services personnel with regard to coping with the jobʼs demands provide starting points for organizational and individual preventive measures. Based on AVEM templates, these can be customized.