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Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia

The region of Transoxiana underwent an early agricultural-demographic transition leading to the earliest proto-urban centers in Central Asia. The agronomic details of this cultural shift are still poorly studied, especially regarding the role that long-generation perennials, such as grapes, played i...

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Autores principales: Chen, Guanhan, Zhou, Xinying, Khasannov, Mutalibjon, Spengler, Robert N., Ma, Jian, Annaev, Tukhtash, Kambarov, Nasibillo, Maksudov, Farhod, Wang, Jianxin, Askarov, Akhmadali, Li, Xiaoqiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522827/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36175486
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19644-0
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author Chen, Guanhan
Zhou, Xinying
Khasannov, Mutalibjon
Spengler, Robert N.
Ma, Jian
Annaev, Tukhtash
Kambarov, Nasibillo
Maksudov, Farhod
Wang, Jianxin
Askarov, Akhmadali
Li, Xiaoqiang
author_facet Chen, Guanhan
Zhou, Xinying
Khasannov, Mutalibjon
Spengler, Robert N.
Ma, Jian
Annaev, Tukhtash
Kambarov, Nasibillo
Maksudov, Farhod
Wang, Jianxin
Askarov, Akhmadali
Li, Xiaoqiang
author_sort Chen, Guanhan
collection PubMed
description The region of Transoxiana underwent an early agricultural-demographic transition leading to the earliest proto-urban centers in Central Asia. The agronomic details of this cultural shift are still poorly studied, especially regarding the role that long-generation perennials, such as grapes, played in the cultivation system. In this paper, we present directly dated remains of grape pips from the early urban centers of Sapalli and Djarkutan, in south Uzbekistan. We also present linear morphometric data, which illustrate a considerable range of variation under cultivation that we divide into four distinct morphotypes according to pip shape. While some of the pips in these two assemblages morphologically fall within the range of wild forms, others more closely resemble modern domesticated populations. Most of the specimens measure along a gradient between the two poles, showing a mixed combination of domesticated and wild features. We also point out that the seeds recovered from the Djarkutan temple were, on average, larger and contained more affinity towards domesticated forms than those from domestic contexts. The potential preference of morphotypes seems to suggest that there were recognized different varieties that local cultivators might aware and possibly propagating asexually.
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spelling pubmed-95228272022-10-01 Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia Chen, Guanhan Zhou, Xinying Khasannov, Mutalibjon Spengler, Robert N. Ma, Jian Annaev, Tukhtash Kambarov, Nasibillo Maksudov, Farhod Wang, Jianxin Askarov, Akhmadali Li, Xiaoqiang Sci Rep Article The region of Transoxiana underwent an early agricultural-demographic transition leading to the earliest proto-urban centers in Central Asia. The agronomic details of this cultural shift are still poorly studied, especially regarding the role that long-generation perennials, such as grapes, played in the cultivation system. In this paper, we present directly dated remains of grape pips from the early urban centers of Sapalli and Djarkutan, in south Uzbekistan. We also present linear morphometric data, which illustrate a considerable range of variation under cultivation that we divide into four distinct morphotypes according to pip shape. While some of the pips in these two assemblages morphologically fall within the range of wild forms, others more closely resemble modern domesticated populations. Most of the specimens measure along a gradient between the two poles, showing a mixed combination of domesticated and wild features. We also point out that the seeds recovered from the Djarkutan temple were, on average, larger and contained more affinity towards domesticated forms than those from domestic contexts. The potential preference of morphotypes seems to suggest that there were recognized different varieties that local cultivators might aware and possibly propagating asexually. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9522827/ /pubmed/36175486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19644-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Guanhan
Zhou, Xinying
Khasannov, Mutalibjon
Spengler, Robert N.
Ma, Jian
Annaev, Tukhtash
Kambarov, Nasibillo
Maksudov, Farhod
Wang, Jianxin
Askarov, Akhmadali
Li, Xiaoqiang
Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia
title Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia
title_full Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia
title_fullStr Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia
title_full_unstemmed Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia
title_short Morphotype broadening of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Oxus civilization 4000 BP, Central Asia
title_sort morphotype broadening of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) from oxus civilization 4000 bp, central asia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522827/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36175486
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19644-0
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