Strictly conformal transformation optics for directivity enhancement and unidirectional cloaking of a cylindrical wire antenna

Using conformal transformation optics, a cylindrical shell made of an isotropic refractive index material is designed to improve the directivity of a wire antenna while making it unidirectionally invisible. If the incident wave comes from a specific direction, it is guided around the wire. Furthermore, when an electrical current is used to excite the wire, the dielectric shell transforms the radiated wave into two lateral beams, improving directivity. The refractive index of the dielectric shell is calculated using the transformation optics recipe after establishing a closed-form conformal mapping between an annulus and a circle with a slit. The refractive index is then modified and discretized using a hexagonal lattice. Ray-tracing and full-wave simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics are used to validate the functionality of the proposed shell.