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Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function

The brain’s “default mode network” (DMN) enables flexible switching between internally and externally focused cognition. Precisely how this modulation occurs is not well understood, although it may involve key subcortical mechanisms, including hypothesized influences from the basal forebrain (BF) an...

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Autores principales: Harrison, Ben J, Davey, Christopher G, Savage, Hannah S, Jamieson, Alec J, Leonards, Christine A, Moffat, Bradford A, Glarin, Rebecca K, Steward, Trevor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9528899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34974620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab487
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author Harrison, Ben J
Davey, Christopher G
Savage, Hannah S
Jamieson, Alec J
Leonards, Christine A
Moffat, Bradford A
Glarin, Rebecca K
Steward, Trevor
author_facet Harrison, Ben J
Davey, Christopher G
Savage, Hannah S
Jamieson, Alec J
Leonards, Christine A
Moffat, Bradford A
Glarin, Rebecca K
Steward, Trevor
author_sort Harrison, Ben J
collection PubMed
description The brain’s “default mode network” (DMN) enables flexible switching between internally and externally focused cognition. Precisely how this modulation occurs is not well understood, although it may involve key subcortical mechanisms, including hypothesized influences from the basal forebrain (BF) and mediodorsal thalamus (MD). Here, we used ultra-high field (7 T) functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the involvement of the BF and MD across states of task-induced DMN activity modulation. Specifically, we mapped DMN activity suppression (“deactivation”) when participants transitioned between rest and externally focused task performance, as well as DMN activity engagement (“activation”) when task performance was internally (i.e., self) focused. Consistent with recent rodent studies, the BF showed overall activity suppression with DMN cortical regions when comparing the rest to external task conditions. Further analyses, including dynamic causal modeling, confirmed that the BF drove changes in DMN cortical activity during these rest-to-task transitions. The MD, by comparison, was specifically engaged during internally focused cognition and demonstrated a broad excitatory influence on DMN cortical activation. These results provide the first direct evidence in humans of distinct BF and thalamic circuit influences on the control of DMN function and suggest novel mechanistic avenues for ongoing translational research.
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spelling pubmed-95288992022-10-04 Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function Harrison, Ben J Davey, Christopher G Savage, Hannah S Jamieson, Alec J Leonards, Christine A Moffat, Bradford A Glarin, Rebecca K Steward, Trevor Cereb Cortex Original Article The brain’s “default mode network” (DMN) enables flexible switching between internally and externally focused cognition. Precisely how this modulation occurs is not well understood, although it may involve key subcortical mechanisms, including hypothesized influences from the basal forebrain (BF) and mediodorsal thalamus (MD). Here, we used ultra-high field (7 T) functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the involvement of the BF and MD across states of task-induced DMN activity modulation. Specifically, we mapped DMN activity suppression (“deactivation”) when participants transitioned between rest and externally focused task performance, as well as DMN activity engagement (“activation”) when task performance was internally (i.e., self) focused. Consistent with recent rodent studies, the BF showed overall activity suppression with DMN cortical regions when comparing the rest to external task conditions. Further analyses, including dynamic causal modeling, confirmed that the BF drove changes in DMN cortical activity during these rest-to-task transitions. The MD, by comparison, was specifically engaged during internally focused cognition and demonstrated a broad excitatory influence on DMN cortical activation. These results provide the first direct evidence in humans of distinct BF and thalamic circuit influences on the control of DMN function and suggest novel mechanistic avenues for ongoing translational research. Oxford University Press 2021-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9528899/ /pubmed/34974620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab487 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Original Article
Harrison, Ben J
Davey, Christopher G
Savage, Hannah S
Jamieson, Alec J
Leonards, Christine A
Moffat, Bradford A
Glarin, Rebecca K
Steward, Trevor
Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
title Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
title_full Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
title_fullStr Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
title_short Dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
title_sort dynamic subcortical modulators of human default mode network function
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9528899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34974620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab487
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