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Difference in mortality rates in hospitalized COVID-19 patients identified by cytokine profile clustering using a machine learning approach: An outcome prediction alternative

COVID-19 is a disease caused by the novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing an acute respiratory disease that can eventually lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). An exacerbated inflammatory response is characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which leads to a cytokine release syndrome also...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Castro-Castro, Ana Cristina, Figueroa-Protti, Lucia, Molina-Mora, Jose Arturo, Rojas-Salas, María Paula, Villafuerte-Mena, Danae, Suarez-Sánchez, María José, Sanabría-Castro, Alfredo, Boza-Calvo, Carolina, Calvo-Flores, Leonardo, Solano-Vargas, Mariela, Madrigal-Sánchez, Juan José, Sibaja-Campos, Mario, Silesky-Jiménez, Juan Ignacio, Chaverri-Fernández, José Miguel, Soto-Rodríguez, Andrés, Echeverri-McCandless, Ann, Rojas-Chaves, Sebastián, Landaverde-Recinos, Denis, Weigert, Andreas, Mora, Javier
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9530472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36203752
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.987182
Descripción
Sumario:COVID-19 is a disease caused by the novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing an acute respiratory disease that can eventually lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). An exacerbated inflammatory response is characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which leads to a cytokine release syndrome also known as cytokine storm associated with the severity of the disease. Considering the importance of this event in the immunopathology of COVID-19, this study analyses cytokine levels of hospitalized patients to identify cytokine profiles associated with severity and mortality. Using a machine learning approach, 3 clusters of COVID-19 hospitalized patients were created based on their cytokine profile. Significant differences in the mortality rate were found among the clusters, associated to different CXCL10/IL-38 ratio. The balance of a CXCL10 induced inflammation with an appropriate immune regulation mediated by the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-38 appears to generate the adequate immune context to overrule SARS-CoV-2 infection without creating a harmful inflammatory reaction. This study supports the concept that analyzing a single cytokine is insufficient to determine the outcome of a complex disease such as COVID-19, and different strategies incorporating bioinformatic analyses considering a broader immune profile represent a more robust alternative to predict the outcome of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.