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Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study

BACKGROUND: Frailty and sarcopenia are age‐associated syndromes that have been associated with the risk of several adverse events, mainly functional decline and death, that usually coexist. However, the potential role of one of them (sarcopenia) in modulating some of those adverse events associated...

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Autores principales: Álvarez‐Bustos, Alejandro, Carnicero‐Carreño, Jose Antonio, Davies, Betty, Garcia‐Garcia, Francisco Javier, Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando, Rodríguez‐Mañas, Leocadio, Alonso‐Bouzón, Cristina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9530539/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35903871
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13055
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author Álvarez‐Bustos, Alejandro
Carnicero‐Carreño, Jose Antonio
Davies, Betty
Garcia‐Garcia, Francisco Javier
Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando
Rodríguez‐Mañas, Leocadio
Alonso‐Bouzón, Cristina
author_facet Álvarez‐Bustos, Alejandro
Carnicero‐Carreño, Jose Antonio
Davies, Betty
Garcia‐Garcia, Francisco Javier
Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando
Rodríguez‐Mañas, Leocadio
Alonso‐Bouzón, Cristina
author_sort Álvarez‐Bustos, Alejandro
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Frailty and sarcopenia are age‐associated syndromes that have been associated with the risk of several adverse events, mainly functional decline and death, that usually coexist. However, the potential role of one of them (sarcopenia) in modulating some of those adverse events associated to the other one (frailty) has not been explored. The aim of this work is to assess the role of sarcopenia within the frailty transitions and mortality in older people. METHODS: Data from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) were used. TSHA is a cohort of community‐dwelling older adults ≥65. Frailty was assessed according with the Frailty Phenotype (FP) and the Frailty Trait Scale‐5 (FTS5) at baseline and at follow‐up. Basal sarcopenia status was measured with the standardized Foundation for the National Institutes of Health criteria. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression model were used to determine if sarcopenia modified the transition of frailty states (median follow‐up of 2.99 years) and Cox proportional hazard model was used for assessing mortality. RESULTS: There were 1538 participants (74.73 ± 5.73; 45.51% men) included. Transitions from robustness to prefrailty and frailty according to FP were more frequent in sarcopenic than in non‐sarcopenic participants (32.37% vs. 15.18%, P ≤ 0.001; 5.76% vs. 1.12%; P ≤ 0.001, respectively) and from prefrailty‐to‐frailty (12.68% vs. 4.27%; P = 0.0026). Improvement from prefrail‐to‐robust and remaining robust was more frequent in non‐sarcopenic participants (52.56% vs. 33.80%, P ≤ 0.001; 80.18% vs 61.15%, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). When classified by FTS5, this was also the case for the transition from non‐frail‐to‐frail (25.91% vs. 4.47%, P ≤ 0.001) and for remaining stable as non‐frail (91.25% vs. 70.98%, P ≤ 0.001). Sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of progression from robustness‐to‐prefrailty [odds ratio (OR) 2.34 (95% confidence interval, CI) (1.51, 3.63); P ≤ 0.001], from prefrailty‐to‐frailty [OR(95% CI) 2.50 (1.08, 5.79); P = 0.033] (FP), and from non‐frail‐to‐frail [OR(95% CI) 4.73 (2.94, 7.62); P‐value ≤ 0.001]. Sarcopenia does not seem to modify the risk of death associated with a poor frailty status (hazard ratios (HR, 95%) P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Transitions within frailty status, but not the risk of death associated to frailty, are modulated by the presence of sarcopenia.
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spelling pubmed-95305392022-10-11 Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study Álvarez‐Bustos, Alejandro Carnicero‐Carreño, Jose Antonio Davies, Betty Garcia‐Garcia, Francisco Javier Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando Rodríguez‐Mañas, Leocadio Alonso‐Bouzón, Cristina J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle Original Articles BACKGROUND: Frailty and sarcopenia are age‐associated syndromes that have been associated with the risk of several adverse events, mainly functional decline and death, that usually coexist. However, the potential role of one of them (sarcopenia) in modulating some of those adverse events associated to the other one (frailty) has not been explored. The aim of this work is to assess the role of sarcopenia within the frailty transitions and mortality in older people. METHODS: Data from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) were used. TSHA is a cohort of community‐dwelling older adults ≥65. Frailty was assessed according with the Frailty Phenotype (FP) and the Frailty Trait Scale‐5 (FTS5) at baseline and at follow‐up. Basal sarcopenia status was measured with the standardized Foundation for the National Institutes of Health criteria. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression model were used to determine if sarcopenia modified the transition of frailty states (median follow‐up of 2.99 years) and Cox proportional hazard model was used for assessing mortality. RESULTS: There were 1538 participants (74.73 ± 5.73; 45.51% men) included. Transitions from robustness to prefrailty and frailty according to FP were more frequent in sarcopenic than in non‐sarcopenic participants (32.37% vs. 15.18%, P ≤ 0.001; 5.76% vs. 1.12%; P ≤ 0.001, respectively) and from prefrailty‐to‐frailty (12.68% vs. 4.27%; P = 0.0026). Improvement from prefrail‐to‐robust and remaining robust was more frequent in non‐sarcopenic participants (52.56% vs. 33.80%, P ≤ 0.001; 80.18% vs 61.15%, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). When classified by FTS5, this was also the case for the transition from non‐frail‐to‐frail (25.91% vs. 4.47%, P ≤ 0.001) and for remaining stable as non‐frail (91.25% vs. 70.98%, P ≤ 0.001). Sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of progression from robustness‐to‐prefrailty [odds ratio (OR) 2.34 (95% confidence interval, CI) (1.51, 3.63); P ≤ 0.001], from prefrailty‐to‐frailty [OR(95% CI) 2.50 (1.08, 5.79); P = 0.033] (FP), and from non‐frail‐to‐frail [OR(95% CI) 4.73 (2.94, 7.62); P‐value ≤ 0.001]. Sarcopenia does not seem to modify the risk of death associated with a poor frailty status (hazard ratios (HR, 95%) P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Transitions within frailty status, but not the risk of death associated to frailty, are modulated by the presence of sarcopenia. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-07-28 2022-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9530539/ /pubmed/35903871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13055 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Álvarez‐Bustos, Alejandro
Carnicero‐Carreño, Jose Antonio
Davies, Betty
Garcia‐Garcia, Francisco Javier
Rodríguez‐Artalejo, Fernando
Rodríguez‐Mañas, Leocadio
Alonso‐Bouzón, Cristina
Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
title Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
title_full Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
title_fullStr Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
title_short Role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
title_sort role of sarcopenia in the frailty transitions in older adults: a population‐based cohort study
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9530539/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35903871
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13055
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