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Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible for more than 6.3 million deaths worldwide. During the pandemic, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has increased, contributing to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we aim to determine the spread and impact of...

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Autores principales: Pérez Jorge, Genesy, Rodrigues dos Santos Goes, Isabella Carolina, Gontijo, Marco Tulio Pardini
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9531231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36211535
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11908-022-00788-z
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author Pérez Jorge, Genesy
Rodrigues dos Santos Goes, Isabella Carolina
Gontijo, Marco Tulio Pardini
author_facet Pérez Jorge, Genesy
Rodrigues dos Santos Goes, Isabella Carolina
Gontijo, Marco Tulio Pardini
author_sort Pérez Jorge, Genesy
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible for more than 6.3 million deaths worldwide. During the pandemic, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has increased, contributing to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we aim to determine the spread and impact of antibiotic treatments in patients with COVID-19, focusing on underdeveloped and developing countries. RECENT FINDINGS: Meta-analysis revealed that bacterial co-infections and secondary infections are relatively rare in COVID-19 patients, corresponding to less than 20% of hospitalized patients. Even so, most of these patients have received antibiotic treatments. SUMMARY: This review discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic could increase the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains to currently available antibiotics. Initially, we discussed the spread and impact of multidrug resistance of ESKAPE pathogens associated with nosocomial infections and analyzed their risk of secondary infections in patients with COVID-19. Then we highlight three factors related to the spread of resistant bacteria during the current pandemic: overprescription of antibiotics followed by self-medication. Finally, we discussed the lack of availability of diagnostic tests to discriminate the etiologic agent of a disease. All these factors lead to inappropriate use of antibiotics and, therefore, to an increase in the prevalence of resistance, which can have devastating consequences shortly. The data compiled in this study underscore the importance of epidemiological surveillance of hospital isolates to provide new strategies for preventing and controlling infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In addition, the bibliographic research also highlights the need for an improvement in antibiotic prescribing in the health system.
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spelling pubmed-95312312022-10-04 Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries Pérez Jorge, Genesy Rodrigues dos Santos Goes, Isabella Carolina Gontijo, Marco Tulio Pardini Curr Infect Dis Rep Healthcare Associated Infections (G Bearman and D Morgan, Section Editors) PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible for more than 6.3 million deaths worldwide. During the pandemic, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has increased, contributing to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we aim to determine the spread and impact of antibiotic treatments in patients with COVID-19, focusing on underdeveloped and developing countries. RECENT FINDINGS: Meta-analysis revealed that bacterial co-infections and secondary infections are relatively rare in COVID-19 patients, corresponding to less than 20% of hospitalized patients. Even so, most of these patients have received antibiotic treatments. SUMMARY: This review discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic could increase the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains to currently available antibiotics. Initially, we discussed the spread and impact of multidrug resistance of ESKAPE pathogens associated with nosocomial infections and analyzed their risk of secondary infections in patients with COVID-19. Then we highlight three factors related to the spread of resistant bacteria during the current pandemic: overprescription of antibiotics followed by self-medication. Finally, we discussed the lack of availability of diagnostic tests to discriminate the etiologic agent of a disease. All these factors lead to inappropriate use of antibiotics and, therefore, to an increase in the prevalence of resistance, which can have devastating consequences shortly. The data compiled in this study underscore the importance of epidemiological surveillance of hospital isolates to provide new strategies for preventing and controlling infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In addition, the bibliographic research also highlights the need for an improvement in antibiotic prescribing in the health system. Springer US 2022-10-04 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9531231/ /pubmed/36211535 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11908-022-00788-z Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022, corrected publication 2022Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Healthcare Associated Infections (G Bearman and D Morgan, Section Editors)
Pérez Jorge, Genesy
Rodrigues dos Santos Goes, Isabella Carolina
Gontijo, Marco Tulio Pardini
Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries
title Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries
title_full Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries
title_fullStr Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries
title_full_unstemmed Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries
title_short Les misérables: a Parallel Between Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19 in Underdeveloped and Developing Countries
title_sort les misérables: a parallel between antimicrobial resistance and covid-19 in underdeveloped and developing countries
topic Healthcare Associated Infections (G Bearman and D Morgan, Section Editors)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9531231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36211535
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11908-022-00788-z
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