Effects of non-Darcy mixed convection over a horizontal cone with different convective boundary conditions incorporating gyrotactic microorganisms on dispersion

This paper investigates the influence of dispersion impact on mixed convection flow over a horizontal cone within a non-Darcy porous medium. Multiple convective boundary conditions are applied to address the heat, mass and motile microorganism transfer phenomena. This paper incorporates the dispersion effect for gyrotactic microorganisms due to biological and environmental applications. By imposing appropriate similarity transformations, the nonlinear partial differential equations governing flow, temperature, concentration, and microbe fields are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations & then solved using the MATLAB BVP4C function. The computation of grid independence test is analyzed for different flow profiles to show the precision of the points. In a few instances, our present numerical data is compared with previously published works, leading to excellent agreement. The non-Darcy effect, as well as mixed convection values from 0.1 to 0.9 and buoyancy parameters from 0.2 to 0.8, all significantly affects the velocity profile. The reduction in the microorganism profile is brought on by the increase in the bioconvection Lewis parameter and bio convection peclet number between 0.3 and 1. In the absence of dispersion, the variation of Biot numbers between 0.5 and 2, favor heat, mass, and motile microorganism transfer the most in the range of mixed convection parameter 0.5 to pure forced convection 1. Thermal, solutal and microorganism dispersion coefficients a, b, c that lie between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and higher values of modified peclet number ranges from 2 to 10 cause increased dispersion effects which lower flow transfer rates mostly in forced convection regime.