Adverse pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization due to undiagnosed urogenital tuberculosis and proposed screening algorithm for patients from tuberculosis-endemic countries

OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of adverse pregnancy outcomes due to delayed diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis and propose a screening algorithm for patients from tuberculosis-endemic countries. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENT(S): Two patients with delayed diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis leading to a fetal loss and a preterm delivery of an infant with congenital tuberculosis. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial biopsy, acid-fast bacilli culture of urine, and endometrium. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy outcomes. RESULT(S): Fetal loss at 19 weeks and preterm delivery of an infant with congenital tuberculosis before urogenital tuberculosis treatment. CONCLUSION(S): Patients who are at risk of urogenital tuberculosis should be screened in advance of infertility treatment to potentially prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.