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Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape

Scavenging is widespread in the carnivore guild and can greatly impact food web structures and population dynamics by either facilitation or suppression of sympatric carnivores. Due to habitat loss and fragmentation, carnivores are increasingly forced into close sympatry, possibly resulting in more...

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Autores principales: Vissia, Sander, Fattebert, Julien, van Langevelde, Frank
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9534747/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36225822
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9365
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author Vissia, Sander
Fattebert, Julien
van Langevelde, Frank
author_facet Vissia, Sander
Fattebert, Julien
van Langevelde, Frank
author_sort Vissia, Sander
collection PubMed
description Scavenging is widespread in the carnivore guild and can greatly impact food web structures and population dynamics by either facilitation or suppression of sympatric carnivores. Due to habitat loss and fragmentation, carnivores are increasingly forced into close sympatry, possibly resulting in more interactions such as kleptoparasitism and competition. In this paper, we investigate the potential for these interactions when carnivore densities are high. A camera trap survey was conducted in central Tuli, Botswana, to examine leopard Panthera pardus densities and spatiotemporal activity patterns of leopard and its most important competitors' brown hyena Parahyaena brunnea and spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta. Spatial capture–recapture models estimated leopard population density to be 12.7 ± 3.2 leopard/100 km(2), which is one of the highest leopard densities in Africa. Time‐to‐event analyses showed both brown hyena and spotted hyena were observed more frequently before and after a leopard observation than expected by chance. The high spatiotemporal overlap of both hyena species with leopard is possibly explained by leopard providing scavenging opportunities for brown hyena and spotted hyena. Our results suggest that central Tuli is a high‐density leopard area, despite possible intense kleptoparasitism and competition.
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spelling pubmed-95347472022-10-11 Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape Vissia, Sander Fattebert, Julien van Langevelde, Frank Ecol Evol Research Articles Scavenging is widespread in the carnivore guild and can greatly impact food web structures and population dynamics by either facilitation or suppression of sympatric carnivores. Due to habitat loss and fragmentation, carnivores are increasingly forced into close sympatry, possibly resulting in more interactions such as kleptoparasitism and competition. In this paper, we investigate the potential for these interactions when carnivore densities are high. A camera trap survey was conducted in central Tuli, Botswana, to examine leopard Panthera pardus densities and spatiotemporal activity patterns of leopard and its most important competitors' brown hyena Parahyaena brunnea and spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta. Spatial capture–recapture models estimated leopard population density to be 12.7 ± 3.2 leopard/100 km(2), which is one of the highest leopard densities in Africa. Time‐to‐event analyses showed both brown hyena and spotted hyena were observed more frequently before and after a leopard observation than expected by chance. The high spatiotemporal overlap of both hyena species with leopard is possibly explained by leopard providing scavenging opportunities for brown hyena and spotted hyena. Our results suggest that central Tuli is a high‐density leopard area, despite possible intense kleptoparasitism and competition. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9534747/ /pubmed/36225822 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9365 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Vissia, Sander
Fattebert, Julien
van Langevelde, Frank
Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
title Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
title_full Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
title_fullStr Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
title_full_unstemmed Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
title_short Leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
title_sort leopard density and interspecific spatiotemporal interactions in a hyena‐dominated landscape
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9534747/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36225822
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9365
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