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The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico

The recent emergence of the pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is associated with rapid population declines of salamanders in Europe and its arrival to new areas could cause dramatic negative effects on other amphibian populations and species. Amphibian species, present in areas with...

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Autores principales: Basanta, M. Delia, Avila-Akerberg, Victor, Byrne, Allison Q., Castellanos-Morales, Gabriela, González Martínez, Tanya M., Maldonado-López, Yurixhi, Rosenblum, Erica Bree, Suazo-Ortuño, Ireri, Parra Olea, Gabriela, Rebollar, Eria A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9536319/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36213512
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14117
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author Basanta, M. Delia
Avila-Akerberg, Victor
Byrne, Allison Q.
Castellanos-Morales, Gabriela
González Martínez, Tanya M.
Maldonado-López, Yurixhi
Rosenblum, Erica Bree
Suazo-Ortuño, Ireri
Parra Olea, Gabriela
Rebollar, Eria A.
author_facet Basanta, M. Delia
Avila-Akerberg, Victor
Byrne, Allison Q.
Castellanos-Morales, Gabriela
González Martínez, Tanya M.
Maldonado-López, Yurixhi
Rosenblum, Erica Bree
Suazo-Ortuño, Ireri
Parra Olea, Gabriela
Rebollar, Eria A.
author_sort Basanta, M. Delia
collection PubMed
description The recent emergence of the pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is associated with rapid population declines of salamanders in Europe and its arrival to new areas could cause dramatic negative effects on other amphibian populations and species. Amphibian species, present in areas with high amphibian diversity such as Mexico, could be highly threatened due to the arrival of Bsal, particularly salamander species which are more vulnerable to chytridiomycosis caused by this pathogen. Thus, immediate surveillance is needed as a strategy to efficiently contend with this emerging infectious disease. In this study, we analyzed 490 wild and captive amphibians from 48 species across 76 sites in the North, Central, and South of Mexico to evaluate the presence of Bsal. Amphibians were sampled in sites with variable degrees of amphibian richness and suitability for Bsal according to previous studies. From the 76 sampling sites, 10 of them were located in areas with high amphibian richness and potential moderate to high Bsal habitat suitability. We did not detect Bsal in any of the samples, and no signs of the disease were observed in any individual at the time of sampling. Our results suggest that Bsal has not yet arrived at the sampled sites or could be at low prevalence within populations with low occurrence probability. This is the first study that evaluates the presence of Bsal in different regions and amphibian species in Mexico, which is the second most diverse country in salamander species in the world. We highlight the risk and the importance of continuing surveillance of Bsal in Mexico and discuss control strategies to avoid the introduction and spread of Bsal in the country.
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spelling pubmed-95363192022-10-07 The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico Basanta, M. Delia Avila-Akerberg, Victor Byrne, Allison Q. Castellanos-Morales, Gabriela González Martínez, Tanya M. Maldonado-López, Yurixhi Rosenblum, Erica Bree Suazo-Ortuño, Ireri Parra Olea, Gabriela Rebollar, Eria A. PeerJ Conservation Biology The recent emergence of the pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is associated with rapid population declines of salamanders in Europe and its arrival to new areas could cause dramatic negative effects on other amphibian populations and species. Amphibian species, present in areas with high amphibian diversity such as Mexico, could be highly threatened due to the arrival of Bsal, particularly salamander species which are more vulnerable to chytridiomycosis caused by this pathogen. Thus, immediate surveillance is needed as a strategy to efficiently contend with this emerging infectious disease. In this study, we analyzed 490 wild and captive amphibians from 48 species across 76 sites in the North, Central, and South of Mexico to evaluate the presence of Bsal. Amphibians were sampled in sites with variable degrees of amphibian richness and suitability for Bsal according to previous studies. From the 76 sampling sites, 10 of them were located in areas with high amphibian richness and potential moderate to high Bsal habitat suitability. We did not detect Bsal in any of the samples, and no signs of the disease were observed in any individual at the time of sampling. Our results suggest that Bsal has not yet arrived at the sampled sites or could be at low prevalence within populations with low occurrence probability. This is the first study that evaluates the presence of Bsal in different regions and amphibian species in Mexico, which is the second most diverse country in salamander species in the world. We highlight the risk and the importance of continuing surveillance of Bsal in Mexico and discuss control strategies to avoid the introduction and spread of Bsal in the country. PeerJ Inc. 2022-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9536319/ /pubmed/36213512 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14117 Text en ©2022 Basanta et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Conservation Biology
Basanta, M. Delia
Avila-Akerberg, Victor
Byrne, Allison Q.
Castellanos-Morales, Gabriela
González Martínez, Tanya M.
Maldonado-López, Yurixhi
Rosenblum, Erica Bree
Suazo-Ortuño, Ireri
Parra Olea, Gabriela
Rebollar, Eria A.
The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico
title The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico
title_full The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico
title_fullStr The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico
title_full_unstemmed The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico
title_short The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from Mexico
title_sort fungal pathogen batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is not detected in wild and captive amphibians from mexico
topic Conservation Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9536319/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36213512
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14117
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