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Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know

BACKGROUND: The novel SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is the third zoonotic coronavirus since the beginning of the 21 first century, and it has taken more than 6 million human lives because of the lack of immunity causing global economic losses. Consequently, developing a vaccine...

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Autores principales: Acosta-Coley, Isabel, Cervantes-Ceballos, Leonor, Tejeda-Benítez, Lesly, Sierra-Márquez, Lucellys, Cabarcas-Montalvo, María, García-Espiñeira, María, Coronell-Rodríguez, Wilfrido, Arroyo-Salgado, Bárbara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537331/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35965345
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00176-4
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author Acosta-Coley, Isabel
Cervantes-Ceballos, Leonor
Tejeda-Benítez, Lesly
Sierra-Márquez, Lucellys
Cabarcas-Montalvo, María
García-Espiñeira, María
Coronell-Rodríguez, Wilfrido
Arroyo-Salgado, Bárbara
author_facet Acosta-Coley, Isabel
Cervantes-Ceballos, Leonor
Tejeda-Benítez, Lesly
Sierra-Márquez, Lucellys
Cabarcas-Montalvo, María
García-Espiñeira, María
Coronell-Rodríguez, Wilfrido
Arroyo-Salgado, Bárbara
author_sort Acosta-Coley, Isabel
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The novel SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is the third zoonotic coronavirus since the beginning of the 21 first century, and it has taken more than 6 million human lives because of the lack of immunity causing global economic losses. Consequently, developing a vaccine against the virus represents the fastest way to finish the threat and regain some "normality." OBJECTIVE: Here, we provide information about the main features of the most important vaccine platforms, some of them already approved, to clear common doubts fostered by widespread misinformation and to reassure the public of the safety of the vaccination process and the different alternatives presented. METHODS: Articles published in open access databases until January 2022 were identified using the search terms "SARS-CoV-2," "COVID-19," "Coronavirus," "COVID-19 Vaccines," "Pandemic," COVID-19, and LMICs or their combinations. DISCUSSION: Traditional first-generation vaccine platforms, such as whole virus vaccines (live attenuated and inactivated virus vaccines), as well as second-generation vaccines, like protein-based vaccines (subunit and viral vector vaccines), and third-generation vaccines, such as nanoparticle and genetic vaccines (mRNA vaccines), are described. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 sequence information obtained in a record time provided the basis for the fast development of a COVID-19 vaccine. The adaptability characteristic of the new generation of vaccines is changing our capability to react to emerging threats to future pandemics. Nevertheless, the slow and unfair distribution of vaccines to low- and middle-income countries and the spread of misinformation are a menace to global health since the unvaccinated will increase the chances for resurgences and the surge of new variants that can escape the current vaccines.
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spelling pubmed-95373312022-10-09 Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know Acosta-Coley, Isabel Cervantes-Ceballos, Leonor Tejeda-Benítez, Lesly Sierra-Márquez, Lucellys Cabarcas-Montalvo, María García-Espiñeira, María Coronell-Rodríguez, Wilfrido Arroyo-Salgado, Bárbara Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines Review BACKGROUND: The novel SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is the third zoonotic coronavirus since the beginning of the 21 first century, and it has taken more than 6 million human lives because of the lack of immunity causing global economic losses. Consequently, developing a vaccine against the virus represents the fastest way to finish the threat and regain some "normality." OBJECTIVE: Here, we provide information about the main features of the most important vaccine platforms, some of them already approved, to clear common doubts fostered by widespread misinformation and to reassure the public of the safety of the vaccination process and the different alternatives presented. METHODS: Articles published in open access databases until January 2022 were identified using the search terms "SARS-CoV-2," "COVID-19," "Coronavirus," "COVID-19 Vaccines," "Pandemic," COVID-19, and LMICs or their combinations. DISCUSSION: Traditional first-generation vaccine platforms, such as whole virus vaccines (live attenuated and inactivated virus vaccines), as well as second-generation vaccines, like protein-based vaccines (subunit and viral vector vaccines), and third-generation vaccines, such as nanoparticle and genetic vaccines (mRNA vaccines), are described. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 sequence information obtained in a record time provided the basis for the fast development of a COVID-19 vaccine. The adaptability characteristic of the new generation of vaccines is changing our capability to react to emerging threats to future pandemics. Nevertheless, the slow and unfair distribution of vaccines to low- and middle-income countries and the spread of misinformation are a menace to global health since the unvaccinated will increase the chances for resurgences and the surge of new variants that can escape the current vaccines. BioMed Central 2022-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9537331/ /pubmed/35965345 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00176-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Acosta-Coley, Isabel
Cervantes-Ceballos, Leonor
Tejeda-Benítez, Lesly
Sierra-Márquez, Lucellys
Cabarcas-Montalvo, María
García-Espiñeira, María
Coronell-Rodríguez, Wilfrido
Arroyo-Salgado, Bárbara
Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know
title Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know
title_full Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know
title_fullStr Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know
title_full_unstemmed Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know
title_short Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know
title_sort vaccines platforms and covid-19: what you need to know
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537331/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35965345
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40794-022-00176-4
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