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COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
At the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) appeared to be particularly vulnerable to a severe course of the disease. It quickly turned out that only some IEI groups are associated with a high risk of se...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537609/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36211407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.953700 |
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author | Kołtan, Sylwia Ziętkiewicz, Marcin Grześk, Elżbieta Becht, Rafał Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta Cienkusz, Magdalena Ewertowska, Marlena Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta Krysiak, Natalia Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra Mach-Tomalska, Monika Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra Milchert, Marcin Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina Pituch-Noworolska, Anna Renke, Joanna Roliński, Jacek Rywczak, Iwona Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka Strach, Magdalena Suchanek, Hanna Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra Tokarski, Sławomir Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata Zeman, Krzysztof Pac, Małgorzata |
author_facet | Kołtan, Sylwia Ziętkiewicz, Marcin Grześk, Elżbieta Becht, Rafał Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta Cienkusz, Magdalena Ewertowska, Marlena Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta Krysiak, Natalia Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra Mach-Tomalska, Monika Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra Milchert, Marcin Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina Pituch-Noworolska, Anna Renke, Joanna Roliński, Jacek Rywczak, Iwona Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka Strach, Magdalena Suchanek, Hanna Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra Tokarski, Sławomir Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata Zeman, Krzysztof Pac, Małgorzata |
author_sort | Kołtan, Sylwia |
collection | PubMed |
description | At the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) appeared to be particularly vulnerable to a severe course of the disease. It quickly turned out that only some IEI groups are associated with a high risk of severe infection. However, data on the course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with IEI are still insufficient, especially in children; hence, further analyses are required. The retrospective study included 155 unvaccinated people with IEI: 105 children and 50 adults (67.7% and 32.3%, respectively). Male patients dominated in the study group (94 people, 60.6%). At least two comorbidities were found in 50 patients (32.3%), significantly more often in adults (56% vs. 21%). Adult patients presented significantly more COVID-19 symptoms. Asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic course of COVID-19 was demonstrated in 74.8% of the entire group, significantly more often in children (88.6% vs. 46%). Moderate and severe courses dominated in adults (54% vs. 11.4%). Systemic antibiotic therapy was used the most frequently, especially in adults (60% vs. 14.3%). COVID-19-specific therapy was used almost exclusively in adults. In the whole group, complications occurred in 14.2% of patients, significantly more often in adults (30% vs. 6.7%). In the pediatric group, there were two cases (1.9%) of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Deaths were reported only in the adult population and accounted for 3.9% of the entire study group. The death rate for all adults was 12%, 15.4% for adults diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency, 12.5% for those with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, and 21.4% for patients with comorbidity. The results of our study imply that vaccinations against COVID-19 should be recommended both for children and adults with IEI. Postexposure prophylaxis and early antiviral and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapies should be considered in adults with IEI, especially in those with severe humoral immune deficiencies and comorbidity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9537609 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95376092022-10-08 COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience Kołtan, Sylwia Ziętkiewicz, Marcin Grześk, Elżbieta Becht, Rafał Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta Cienkusz, Magdalena Ewertowska, Marlena Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta Krysiak, Natalia Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra Mach-Tomalska, Monika Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra Milchert, Marcin Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina Pituch-Noworolska, Anna Renke, Joanna Roliński, Jacek Rywczak, Iwona Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka Strach, Magdalena Suchanek, Hanna Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra Tokarski, Sławomir Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata Zeman, Krzysztof Pac, Małgorzata Front Immunol Immunology At the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) appeared to be particularly vulnerable to a severe course of the disease. It quickly turned out that only some IEI groups are associated with a high risk of severe infection. However, data on the course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with IEI are still insufficient, especially in children; hence, further analyses are required. The retrospective study included 155 unvaccinated people with IEI: 105 children and 50 adults (67.7% and 32.3%, respectively). Male patients dominated in the study group (94 people, 60.6%). At least two comorbidities were found in 50 patients (32.3%), significantly more often in adults (56% vs. 21%). Adult patients presented significantly more COVID-19 symptoms. Asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic course of COVID-19 was demonstrated in 74.8% of the entire group, significantly more often in children (88.6% vs. 46%). Moderate and severe courses dominated in adults (54% vs. 11.4%). Systemic antibiotic therapy was used the most frequently, especially in adults (60% vs. 14.3%). COVID-19-specific therapy was used almost exclusively in adults. In the whole group, complications occurred in 14.2% of patients, significantly more often in adults (30% vs. 6.7%). In the pediatric group, there were two cases (1.9%) of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Deaths were reported only in the adult population and accounted for 3.9% of the entire study group. The death rate for all adults was 12%, 15.4% for adults diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency, 12.5% for those with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, and 21.4% for patients with comorbidity. The results of our study imply that vaccinations against COVID-19 should be recommended both for children and adults with IEI. Postexposure prophylaxis and early antiviral and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapies should be considered in adults with IEI, especially in those with severe humoral immune deficiencies and comorbidity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9537609/ /pubmed/36211407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.953700 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kołtan, Ziętkiewicz, Grześk, Becht, Berdej-Szczot, Cienkusz, Ewertowska, Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Krysiak, Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Mach-Tomalska, Matyja-Bednarczyk, Milchert, Napiórkowska-Baran, Pieniawska-Śmiech, Pituch-Noworolska, Renke, Roliński, Rywczak, Stelmach-Gołdyś, Strach, Suchanek, Sulicka-Grodzicka, Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Tokarski, Więsik-Szewczyk, Wolska-Kuśnierz, Zeman and Pac https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Kołtan, Sylwia Ziętkiewicz, Marcin Grześk, Elżbieta Becht, Rafał Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta Cienkusz, Magdalena Ewertowska, Marlena Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta Krysiak, Natalia Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra Mach-Tomalska, Monika Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra Milchert, Marcin Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina Pituch-Noworolska, Anna Renke, Joanna Roliński, Jacek Rywczak, Iwona Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka Strach, Magdalena Suchanek, Hanna Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra Tokarski, Sławomir Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata Zeman, Krzysztof Pac, Małgorzata COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
title | COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
title_full | COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
title_short | COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
title_sort | covid-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537609/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36211407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.953700 |
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