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COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience

At the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) appeared to be particularly vulnerable to a severe course of the disease. It quickly turned out that only some IEI groups are associated with a high risk of se...

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Autores principales: Kołtan, Sylwia, Ziętkiewicz, Marcin, Grześk, Elżbieta, Becht, Rafał, Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta, Cienkusz, Magdalena, Ewertowska, Marlena, Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta, Krysiak, Natalia, Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra, Mach-Tomalska, Monika, Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra, Milchert, Marcin, Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna, Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina, Pituch-Noworolska, Anna, Renke, Joanna, Roliński, Jacek, Rywczak, Iwona, Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka, Strach, Magdalena, Suchanek, Hanna, Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna, Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra, Tokarski, Sławomir, Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa, Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata, Zeman, Krzysztof, Pac, Małgorzata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537609/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36211407
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.953700
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author Kołtan, Sylwia
Ziętkiewicz, Marcin
Grześk, Elżbieta
Becht, Rafał
Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta
Cienkusz, Magdalena
Ewertowska, Marlena
Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta
Krysiak, Natalia
Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra
Mach-Tomalska, Monika
Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra
Milchert, Marcin
Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna
Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina
Pituch-Noworolska, Anna
Renke, Joanna
Roliński, Jacek
Rywczak, Iwona
Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka
Strach, Magdalena
Suchanek, Hanna
Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna
Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra
Tokarski, Sławomir
Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa
Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata
Zeman, Krzysztof
Pac, Małgorzata
author_facet Kołtan, Sylwia
Ziętkiewicz, Marcin
Grześk, Elżbieta
Becht, Rafał
Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta
Cienkusz, Magdalena
Ewertowska, Marlena
Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta
Krysiak, Natalia
Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra
Mach-Tomalska, Monika
Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra
Milchert, Marcin
Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna
Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina
Pituch-Noworolska, Anna
Renke, Joanna
Roliński, Jacek
Rywczak, Iwona
Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka
Strach, Magdalena
Suchanek, Hanna
Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna
Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra
Tokarski, Sławomir
Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa
Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata
Zeman, Krzysztof
Pac, Małgorzata
author_sort Kołtan, Sylwia
collection PubMed
description At the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) appeared to be particularly vulnerable to a severe course of the disease. It quickly turned out that only some IEI groups are associated with a high risk of severe infection. However, data on the course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with IEI are still insufficient, especially in children; hence, further analyses are required. The retrospective study included 155 unvaccinated people with IEI: 105 children and 50 adults (67.7% and 32.3%, respectively). Male patients dominated in the study group (94 people, 60.6%). At least two comorbidities were found in 50 patients (32.3%), significantly more often in adults (56% vs. 21%). Adult patients presented significantly more COVID-19 symptoms. Asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic course of COVID-19 was demonstrated in 74.8% of the entire group, significantly more often in children (88.6% vs. 46%). Moderate and severe courses dominated in adults (54% vs. 11.4%). Systemic antibiotic therapy was used the most frequently, especially in adults (60% vs. 14.3%). COVID-19-specific therapy was used almost exclusively in adults. In the whole group, complications occurred in 14.2% of patients, significantly more often in adults (30% vs. 6.7%). In the pediatric group, there were two cases (1.9%) of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Deaths were reported only in the adult population and accounted for 3.9% of the entire study group. The death rate for all adults was 12%, 15.4% for adults diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency, 12.5% for those with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, and 21.4% for patients with comorbidity. The results of our study imply that vaccinations against COVID-19 should be recommended both for children and adults with IEI. Postexposure prophylaxis and early antiviral and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapies should be considered in adults with IEI, especially in those with severe humoral immune deficiencies and comorbidity.
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spelling pubmed-95376092022-10-08 COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience Kołtan, Sylwia Ziętkiewicz, Marcin Grześk, Elżbieta Becht, Rafał Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta Cienkusz, Magdalena Ewertowska, Marlena Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta Krysiak, Natalia Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra Mach-Tomalska, Monika Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra Milchert, Marcin Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina Pituch-Noworolska, Anna Renke, Joanna Roliński, Jacek Rywczak, Iwona Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka Strach, Magdalena Suchanek, Hanna Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra Tokarski, Sławomir Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata Zeman, Krzysztof Pac, Małgorzata Front Immunol Immunology At the beginning of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) appeared to be particularly vulnerable to a severe course of the disease. It quickly turned out that only some IEI groups are associated with a high risk of severe infection. However, data on the course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with IEI are still insufficient, especially in children; hence, further analyses are required. The retrospective study included 155 unvaccinated people with IEI: 105 children and 50 adults (67.7% and 32.3%, respectively). Male patients dominated in the study group (94 people, 60.6%). At least two comorbidities were found in 50 patients (32.3%), significantly more often in adults (56% vs. 21%). Adult patients presented significantly more COVID-19 symptoms. Asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic course of COVID-19 was demonstrated in 74.8% of the entire group, significantly more often in children (88.6% vs. 46%). Moderate and severe courses dominated in adults (54% vs. 11.4%). Systemic antibiotic therapy was used the most frequently, especially in adults (60% vs. 14.3%). COVID-19-specific therapy was used almost exclusively in adults. In the whole group, complications occurred in 14.2% of patients, significantly more often in adults (30% vs. 6.7%). In the pediatric group, there were two cases (1.9%) of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Deaths were reported only in the adult population and accounted for 3.9% of the entire study group. The death rate for all adults was 12%, 15.4% for adults diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency, 12.5% for those with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, and 21.4% for patients with comorbidity. The results of our study imply that vaccinations against COVID-19 should be recommended both for children and adults with IEI. Postexposure prophylaxis and early antiviral and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapies should be considered in adults with IEI, especially in those with severe humoral immune deficiencies and comorbidity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9537609/ /pubmed/36211407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.953700 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kołtan, Ziętkiewicz, Grześk, Becht, Berdej-Szczot, Cienkusz, Ewertowska, Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Krysiak, Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Mach-Tomalska, Matyja-Bednarczyk, Milchert, Napiórkowska-Baran, Pieniawska-Śmiech, Pituch-Noworolska, Renke, Roliński, Rywczak, Stelmach-Gołdyś, Strach, Suchanek, Sulicka-Grodzicka, Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Tokarski, Więsik-Szewczyk, Wolska-Kuśnierz, Zeman and Pac https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Kołtan, Sylwia
Ziętkiewicz, Marcin
Grześk, Elżbieta
Becht, Rafał
Berdej-Szczot, Elżbieta
Cienkusz, Magdalena
Ewertowska, Marlena
Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Edyta
Krysiak, Natalia
Lewandowicz-Uszyńska, Aleksandra
Mach-Tomalska, Monika
Matyja-Bednarczyk, Aleksandra
Milchert, Marcin
Napiórkowska-Baran, Katarzyna
Pieniawska-Śmiech, Karolina
Pituch-Noworolska, Anna
Renke, Joanna
Roliński, Jacek
Rywczak, Iwona
Stelmach-Gołdyś, Agnieszka
Strach, Magdalena
Suchanek, Hanna
Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna
Szczawińska-Popłonyk, Aleksandra
Tokarski, Sławomir
Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa
Wolska-Kuśnierz, Beata
Zeman, Krzysztof
Pac, Małgorzata
COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
title COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
title_full COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
title_fullStr COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
title_short COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
title_sort covid-19 in unvaccinated patients with inborn errors of immunity—polish experience
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537609/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36211407
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.953700
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