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Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia

Photosynthesis, crop health and dry matter partitioning are among the most important factors influencing crop productivity and quality. Identifying variation in these parameters may help discover the plausible causes for crop productivity differences under various management practices and cropping s...

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Autores principales: Varatharajan, T., Dass, Anchal, Choudhary, Anil K., Sudhishri, S., Pooniya, V., Das, T. K., Rajanna, G. A., Prasad, Shiv, Swarnalakshmi, Karivaradharajan, Harish, M. N., Dhar, Shiva, Singh, Raj, Raj, Rishi, Kumari, Kavita, Singh, Arjun, Sachin, K. S., Kumar, Pramod
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9538492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36212325
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.975569
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author Varatharajan, T.
Dass, Anchal
Choudhary, Anil K.
Sudhishri, S.
Pooniya, V.
Das, T. K.
Rajanna, G. A.
Prasad, Shiv
Swarnalakshmi, Karivaradharajan
Harish, M. N.
Dhar, Shiva
Singh, Raj
Raj, Rishi
Kumari, Kavita
Singh, Arjun
Sachin, K. S.
Kumar, Pramod
author_facet Varatharajan, T.
Dass, Anchal
Choudhary, Anil K.
Sudhishri, S.
Pooniya, V.
Das, T. K.
Rajanna, G. A.
Prasad, Shiv
Swarnalakshmi, Karivaradharajan
Harish, M. N.
Dhar, Shiva
Singh, Raj
Raj, Rishi
Kumari, Kavita
Singh, Arjun
Sachin, K. S.
Kumar, Pramod
author_sort Varatharajan, T.
collection PubMed
description Photosynthesis, crop health and dry matter partitioning are among the most important factors influencing crop productivity and quality. Identifying variation in these parameters may help discover the plausible causes for crop productivity differences under various management practices and cropping systems. Thus, a 2-year (2019–2020) study was undertaken to investigate how far the integrated crop management (ICM) modules and cropping systems affect maize physiology, photosynthetic characteristics, crop vigour and productivity in a holistic manner. The treatments included nine main-plot ICM treatments [ICM(1) to ICM(4) – conventional tillage (CT)-based; ICM(5) to ICM(8) – conservation agriculture (CA)-based; ICM(9) – organic agriculture (OA)-based] and two cropping systems, viz., maize–wheat and maize + blackgram–wheat in subplots. The CA-based ICM module, ICM(7) resulted in significant (p < 0.05) improvements in the physiological parameters, viz., photosynthetic rate (42.56 μ mol CO(2) m(–2) sec(–1)), transpiration rate (9.88 m mol H(2)O m(–2) sec(–1)) and net assimilation rate (NAR) (2.81 mg cm(–2) day(–1)), crop vigour [NDVI (0.78), chlorophyll content (53.0)], dry matter partitioning toward grain and finally increased maize crop productivity (6.66 t ha(–1)) by 13.4–14.2 and 27.3–28.0% over CT- and OA-based modules. For maize equivalent grain yield (MEGY), the ICM modules followed the trend as ICM(7) > ICM(8) > ICM(5) > ICM(6) > ICM(3) > ICM(4) > ICM(1) > ICM(2) > ICM(9). Multivariate and PCA analyses also revealed a positive correlation between physiological parameters, barring NAR and both grain and stover yields. Our study proposes an explanation for improved productivity of blackgram-intercropped maize under CA-based ICM management through significant improvements in physiological and photosynthetic characteristics and crop vigour. Overall, the CA-based ICM module ICM(7) coupled with the maize + blackgram intercropping system could be suggested for wider adoption to enhance the maize production in semiarid regions of India and similar agroecologies across the globe.
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spelling pubmed-95384922022-10-08 Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia Varatharajan, T. Dass, Anchal Choudhary, Anil K. Sudhishri, S. Pooniya, V. Das, T. K. Rajanna, G. A. Prasad, Shiv Swarnalakshmi, Karivaradharajan Harish, M. N. Dhar, Shiva Singh, Raj Raj, Rishi Kumari, Kavita Singh, Arjun Sachin, K. S. Kumar, Pramod Front Plant Sci Plant Science Photosynthesis, crop health and dry matter partitioning are among the most important factors influencing crop productivity and quality. Identifying variation in these parameters may help discover the plausible causes for crop productivity differences under various management practices and cropping systems. Thus, a 2-year (2019–2020) study was undertaken to investigate how far the integrated crop management (ICM) modules and cropping systems affect maize physiology, photosynthetic characteristics, crop vigour and productivity in a holistic manner. The treatments included nine main-plot ICM treatments [ICM(1) to ICM(4) – conventional tillage (CT)-based; ICM(5) to ICM(8) – conservation agriculture (CA)-based; ICM(9) – organic agriculture (OA)-based] and two cropping systems, viz., maize–wheat and maize + blackgram–wheat in subplots. The CA-based ICM module, ICM(7) resulted in significant (p < 0.05) improvements in the physiological parameters, viz., photosynthetic rate (42.56 μ mol CO(2) m(–2) sec(–1)), transpiration rate (9.88 m mol H(2)O m(–2) sec(–1)) and net assimilation rate (NAR) (2.81 mg cm(–2) day(–1)), crop vigour [NDVI (0.78), chlorophyll content (53.0)], dry matter partitioning toward grain and finally increased maize crop productivity (6.66 t ha(–1)) by 13.4–14.2 and 27.3–28.0% over CT- and OA-based modules. For maize equivalent grain yield (MEGY), the ICM modules followed the trend as ICM(7) > ICM(8) > ICM(5) > ICM(6) > ICM(3) > ICM(4) > ICM(1) > ICM(2) > ICM(9). Multivariate and PCA analyses also revealed a positive correlation between physiological parameters, barring NAR and both grain and stover yields. Our study proposes an explanation for improved productivity of blackgram-intercropped maize under CA-based ICM management through significant improvements in physiological and photosynthetic characteristics and crop vigour. Overall, the CA-based ICM module ICM(7) coupled with the maize + blackgram intercropping system could be suggested for wider adoption to enhance the maize production in semiarid regions of India and similar agroecologies across the globe. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9538492/ /pubmed/36212325 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.975569 Text en Copyright © 2022 Varatharajan, Dass, Choudhary, Sudhishri, Pooniya, Das, Rajanna, Prasad, Swarnalakshmi, Harish, Dhar, Singh, Raj, Kumari, Singh, Sachin and Kumar. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Varatharajan, T.
Dass, Anchal
Choudhary, Anil K.
Sudhishri, S.
Pooniya, V.
Das, T. K.
Rajanna, G. A.
Prasad, Shiv
Swarnalakshmi, Karivaradharajan
Harish, M. N.
Dhar, Shiva
Singh, Raj
Raj, Rishi
Kumari, Kavita
Singh, Arjun
Sachin, K. S.
Kumar, Pramod
Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia
title Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia
title_full Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia
title_fullStr Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia
title_full_unstemmed Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia
title_short Integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid South Asia
title_sort integrated management enhances crop physiology and final yield in maize intercropped with blackgram in semiarid south asia
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9538492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36212325
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.975569
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