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Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer

In 2011, J. Hoffman, and B. Beutler won the Nobel Prize of medicine for the fact that they discovered the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and meanwhile described their effect on cell activation from the innate and adaptive immune systems. There are more and more evidences that have proved the o...

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Autores principales: Ren, Pengtao, Zhang, Yuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9539811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36212488
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1010023
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author Ren, Pengtao
Zhang, Yuan
author_facet Ren, Pengtao
Zhang, Yuan
author_sort Ren, Pengtao
collection PubMed
description In 2011, J. Hoffman, and B. Beutler won the Nobel Prize of medicine for the fact that they discovered the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and meanwhile described their effect on cell activation from the innate and adaptive immune systems. There are more and more evidences that have proved the obvious effect of PRRs on tumorigenesis progression. Nevertheless, the overall impact of PRR genes on prognosis, tumor microenvironmental characteristics and treatment response in patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unclear. In this research, we systematically assessed 20 PRR genes and comprehensively identified the prognostic value and enrichment degree of PRRs. The unsupervised clustering approach was employed for dividing COAD into 4 PRR subtypes, namely cluster A, cluster B, cluster C and cluster D, which were significantly different in terms of the clinical features, the immune infiltrations, and the functions. Among them, cluster B has better immune activities and functions. Cox and LASSO regression analysis was further applied to identify a prognostic five-PRR-based risk signature. Such signature can well predict patients’ overall survival (OS), together with a good robustness. Confounding parameters were controlled, with results indicating the ability of risk score to independently predict COAD patients’ OS. Besides, a nomogram with a strong reliability was created for enhancing the viability exhibited by the risk score in clinical practice. Also, patients who were classified based on the risk score owned distinguishable immune status and tumor mutation status, response to immunotherapy, as well as sensitivity to chemotherapy. A low risk score, featuring increased tumor stemness index (TSI), human leukocyte antigen (HLA), immune checkpoints, and immune activation, demonstrated a superior immunotherapeutic response. According to the study results, the prognostic PRR-based risk signature could serve as a robust biomarker for predicting the clinical outcomes as well as evaluating therapeutic response for COAD patients.
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spelling pubmed-95398112022-10-08 Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer Ren, Pengtao Zhang, Yuan Front Oncol Oncology In 2011, J. Hoffman, and B. Beutler won the Nobel Prize of medicine for the fact that they discovered the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and meanwhile described their effect on cell activation from the innate and adaptive immune systems. There are more and more evidences that have proved the obvious effect of PRRs on tumorigenesis progression. Nevertheless, the overall impact of PRR genes on prognosis, tumor microenvironmental characteristics and treatment response in patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unclear. In this research, we systematically assessed 20 PRR genes and comprehensively identified the prognostic value and enrichment degree of PRRs. The unsupervised clustering approach was employed for dividing COAD into 4 PRR subtypes, namely cluster A, cluster B, cluster C and cluster D, which were significantly different in terms of the clinical features, the immune infiltrations, and the functions. Among them, cluster B has better immune activities and functions. Cox and LASSO regression analysis was further applied to identify a prognostic five-PRR-based risk signature. Such signature can well predict patients’ overall survival (OS), together with a good robustness. Confounding parameters were controlled, with results indicating the ability of risk score to independently predict COAD patients’ OS. Besides, a nomogram with a strong reliability was created for enhancing the viability exhibited by the risk score in clinical practice. Also, patients who were classified based on the risk score owned distinguishable immune status and tumor mutation status, response to immunotherapy, as well as sensitivity to chemotherapy. A low risk score, featuring increased tumor stemness index (TSI), human leukocyte antigen (HLA), immune checkpoints, and immune activation, demonstrated a superior immunotherapeutic response. According to the study results, the prognostic PRR-based risk signature could serve as a robust biomarker for predicting the clinical outcomes as well as evaluating therapeutic response for COAD patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9539811/ /pubmed/36212488 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1010023 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ren and Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Ren, Pengtao
Zhang, Yuan
Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
title Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
title_full Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
title_fullStr Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
title_full_unstemmed Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
title_short Focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
title_sort focus on pattern recognition receptors to identify prognosis and immune microenvironment in colon cancer
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9539811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36212488
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1010023
work_keys_str_mv AT renpengtao focusonpatternrecognitionreceptorstoidentifyprognosisandimmunemicroenvironmentincoloncancer
AT zhangyuan focusonpatternrecognitionreceptorstoidentifyprognosisandimmunemicroenvironmentincoloncancer