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Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon
Somatosensory, taste, vestibular, and auditory information is first processed in the brainstem. From the brainstem, the respective information is relayed to specific regions within the cortex, where these inputs are further processed and integrated with other sensory systems to provide a comprehensi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9539932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36213204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2022.913480 |
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author | Fritzsch, Bernd Elliott, Karen L. Yamoah, Ebenezer N. |
author_facet | Fritzsch, Bernd Elliott, Karen L. Yamoah, Ebenezer N. |
author_sort | Fritzsch, Bernd |
collection | PubMed |
description | Somatosensory, taste, vestibular, and auditory information is first processed in the brainstem. From the brainstem, the respective information is relayed to specific regions within the cortex, where these inputs are further processed and integrated with other sensory systems to provide a comprehensive sensory experience. We provide the organization, genetics, and various neuronal connections of four sensory systems: trigeminal, taste, vestibular, and auditory systems. The development of trigeminal fibers is comparable to many sensory systems, for they project mostly contralaterally from the brainstem or spinal cord to the telencephalon. Taste bud information is primarily projected ipsilaterally through the thalamus to reach the insula. The vestibular fibers develop bilateral connections that eventually reach multiple areas of the cortex to provide a complex map. The auditory fibers project in a tonotopic contour to the auditory cortex. The spatial and tonotopic organization of trigeminal and auditory neuron projections are distinct from the taste and vestibular systems. The individual sensory projections within the cortex provide multi-sensory integration in the telencephalon that depends on context-dependent tertiary connections to integrate other cortical sensory systems across the four modalities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9539932 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95399322022-10-08 Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon Fritzsch, Bernd Elliott, Karen L. Yamoah, Ebenezer N. Front Neural Circuits Neural Circuits Somatosensory, taste, vestibular, and auditory information is first processed in the brainstem. From the brainstem, the respective information is relayed to specific regions within the cortex, where these inputs are further processed and integrated with other sensory systems to provide a comprehensive sensory experience. We provide the organization, genetics, and various neuronal connections of four sensory systems: trigeminal, taste, vestibular, and auditory systems. The development of trigeminal fibers is comparable to many sensory systems, for they project mostly contralaterally from the brainstem or spinal cord to the telencephalon. Taste bud information is primarily projected ipsilaterally through the thalamus to reach the insula. The vestibular fibers develop bilateral connections that eventually reach multiple areas of the cortex to provide a complex map. The auditory fibers project in a tonotopic contour to the auditory cortex. The spatial and tonotopic organization of trigeminal and auditory neuron projections are distinct from the taste and vestibular systems. The individual sensory projections within the cortex provide multi-sensory integration in the telencephalon that depends on context-dependent tertiary connections to integrate other cortical sensory systems across the four modalities. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9539932/ /pubmed/36213204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2022.913480 Text en Copyright © 2022 Fritzsch, Elliott and Yamoah. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neural Circuits Fritzsch, Bernd Elliott, Karen L. Yamoah, Ebenezer N. Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
title | Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
title_full | Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
title_fullStr | Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
title_short | Neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
title_sort | neurosensory development of the four brainstem-projecting sensory systems and their integration in the telencephalon |
topic | Neural Circuits |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9539932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36213204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2022.913480 |
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