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Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system
Hyperparasites can affect the evolution of pathosystems by influencing the stability of both pathogen and host populations. However, how pathogens of perennial hosts evolve in the presence of a hyperparasite has rarely been studied. Here, we investigated temporal changes in genetic diversity of the...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9540319/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35122694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.16386 |
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author | Stauber, Lea Croll, Daniel Prospero, Simone |
author_facet | Stauber, Lea Croll, Daniel Prospero, Simone |
author_sort | Stauber, Lea |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hyperparasites can affect the evolution of pathosystems by influencing the stability of both pathogen and host populations. However, how pathogens of perennial hosts evolve in the presence of a hyperparasite has rarely been studied. Here, we investigated temporal changes in genetic diversity of the invasive chestnut blight pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica in the presence of its parasitic mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1). The virus reduces fungal virulence and represents an effective natural biocontrol agent against chestnut blight in Europe. We analysed genome‐wide diversity and CHV1 prevalence in C. parasitica populations in southern Switzerland that were sampled twice at an interval of about 30 years. Overall, we found that both pathogen population structure and CHV1 prevalence were retained over time. The results suggest that recent bottlenecks have influenced the structure of C. parasitica populations in southern Switzerland. Strong balancing selection signals were found at a single vegetative incompatibility (vic) locus, consistent with negative frequency‐dependent selection imposed by the vegetative incompatibility system. High levels of mating among related individuals (i.e., inbreeding) and genetic drift are probably at the origin of imbalanced allele ratios at vic loci and subsequently low vc type diversity. Virus infection rates were stable at ~30% over the study period and we found no significant impact of the virus on fungal population diversity. Consequently, the efficacy of CHV1‐mediated biocontrol was probably retained. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9540319 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95403192022-10-14 Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system Stauber, Lea Croll, Daniel Prospero, Simone Mol Ecol ORIGINAL ARTICLES Hyperparasites can affect the evolution of pathosystems by influencing the stability of both pathogen and host populations. However, how pathogens of perennial hosts evolve in the presence of a hyperparasite has rarely been studied. Here, we investigated temporal changes in genetic diversity of the invasive chestnut blight pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica in the presence of its parasitic mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1). The virus reduces fungal virulence and represents an effective natural biocontrol agent against chestnut blight in Europe. We analysed genome‐wide diversity and CHV1 prevalence in C. parasitica populations in southern Switzerland that were sampled twice at an interval of about 30 years. Overall, we found that both pathogen population structure and CHV1 prevalence were retained over time. The results suggest that recent bottlenecks have influenced the structure of C. parasitica populations in southern Switzerland. Strong balancing selection signals were found at a single vegetative incompatibility (vic) locus, consistent with negative frequency‐dependent selection imposed by the vegetative incompatibility system. High levels of mating among related individuals (i.e., inbreeding) and genetic drift are probably at the origin of imbalanced allele ratios at vic loci and subsequently low vc type diversity. Virus infection rates were stable at ~30% over the study period and we found no significant impact of the virus on fungal population diversity. Consequently, the efficacy of CHV1‐mediated biocontrol was probably retained. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-02-16 2022-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9540319/ /pubmed/35122694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.16386 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | ORIGINAL ARTICLES Stauber, Lea Croll, Daniel Prospero, Simone Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
title | Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
title_full | Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
title_fullStr | Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
title_full_unstemmed | Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
title_short | Temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
title_sort | temporal changes in pathogen diversity in a perennial plant–pathogen–hyperparasite system |
topic | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9540319/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35122694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.16386 |
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