Prognostic death factors in secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis children with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: A multicenter prospective nested case‐control study

INTRODUCTION: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (SHLH) causes significant mortality. We aimed to identify the predictor factors for death in pediatric patients with SHLH‐associated MODS receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). METHODS: This multicentered nested case–control study was conducted from 2016 to 2020. The characteristics were compared between survivors and non‐survivors. Logistic regression was applied to identify the risk factors for death. The cutoff values were assessed by receiver operating characteristics curves. RESULTS: Fifty two patients were enrolled in this study. Interleukin‐6 level (p = 0.018) and the number of organ dysfunction (p = 0.047) were independent risk factors for death. The cutoff value of 13.12 pg/ml interleukin‐6 and three organs dysfunction at CRRT initiation presented a high sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION: The number of organ dysfunction and interleukin‐6 at CRRT initiation are independent risk factors for death in pediatric patients with SHLH‐associated MODS.