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Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain

The metabolic and cardiovascular clinical manifestations in patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) are generally well known. However, recent studies have broadened the perspective of the effects of hypercortisolism, showing that both endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess alter brain fun...

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Autores principales: Dekkers, Alies J., Amaya, Jorge Miguel, van der Meulen, Merel, Biermasz, Nienke R., Meijer, Onno C., Pereira, Alberto M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9541651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35980208
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jne.13142
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author Dekkers, Alies J.
Amaya, Jorge Miguel
van der Meulen, Merel
Biermasz, Nienke R.
Meijer, Onno C.
Pereira, Alberto M.
author_facet Dekkers, Alies J.
Amaya, Jorge Miguel
van der Meulen, Merel
Biermasz, Nienke R.
Meijer, Onno C.
Pereira, Alberto M.
author_sort Dekkers, Alies J.
collection PubMed
description The metabolic and cardiovascular clinical manifestations in patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) are generally well known. However, recent studies have broadened the perspective of the effects of hypercortisolism, showing that both endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess alter brain functioning on several time scales. Consequently, cognitive deficits and neuropsychological symptoms are highly prevalent during both active CS and CS in remission, as well as during glucocorticoid treatment. In this review, we discuss the effects of endogenous hypercortisolism and exogenously induced glucocorticoid excess on the brain, as well as the prevalence of cognitive and neuropsychological deficits and their course after biochemical remission. Furthermore, we propose possible mechanisms that may underly neuronal changes, based on experimental models and in vitro studies. Finally, we offer recommendations for future studies.
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spelling pubmed-95416512022-10-14 Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain Dekkers, Alies J. Amaya, Jorge Miguel van der Meulen, Merel Biermasz, Nienke R. Meijer, Onno C. Pereira, Alberto M. J Neuroendocrinol Invited Reviews The metabolic and cardiovascular clinical manifestations in patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) are generally well known. However, recent studies have broadened the perspective of the effects of hypercortisolism, showing that both endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoid excess alter brain functioning on several time scales. Consequently, cognitive deficits and neuropsychological symptoms are highly prevalent during both active CS and CS in remission, as well as during glucocorticoid treatment. In this review, we discuss the effects of endogenous hypercortisolism and exogenously induced glucocorticoid excess on the brain, as well as the prevalence of cognitive and neuropsychological deficits and their course after biochemical remission. Furthermore, we propose possible mechanisms that may underly neuronal changes, based on experimental models and in vitro studies. Finally, we offer recommendations for future studies. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-08-18 2022-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9541651/ /pubmed/35980208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jne.13142 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Neuroendocrinology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Society for Neuroendocrinology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Invited Reviews
Dekkers, Alies J.
Amaya, Jorge Miguel
van der Meulen, Merel
Biermasz, Nienke R.
Meijer, Onno C.
Pereira, Alberto M.
Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
title Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
title_full Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
title_fullStr Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
title_full_unstemmed Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
title_short Long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
title_sort long‐term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain
topic Invited Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9541651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35980208
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jne.13142
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