High‐throughput sequencing reveals soil bacterial community structure and their interactions with environmental factors of the grassland fairy ring

Fairy rings (FRs) are common ecological grassland landscapes that have been studied for a long time. However, little is known about their interactions with soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities. This study performed high‐throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3–V4 variable regions of soil bacteria in the three concentric zones of chosen FR, namely, the ON zone, on the ring; IN zone, inside the ring; and OUT zone, outside the ring. Also, the change in physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of the soil were determined. This study found that the nutrients and enzyme activities on the ring were higher than inside and outside of the ring. The activities of microorganisms were frequent and the plant grew splendidly. The bacterial species diversity was the lowest on the ring with the main genera Pseudonocardia, Streptosporangium, Kribbella and Promicromonospora. The imbalance of the microbial community structure at different ring zones may be the driving factor for the continuous outward expansion of FRs. Soil available phosphorus, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen and organic matter positively correlated with the distribution of FR soil bacteria.