Anterior segment pars plana vitrectomy combined with posterior capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy in treatment of medically uncontrolled acute primary angle-closure glaucoma: A retrospective study

To explore the clinical efficacy of quadruple surgery (anterior segment pars plana vitrectomy + phacoemulsification + posterior capsulorhexis + intraocular lens (IOL) implantation + trabeculectomy) and dual surgery (phacoemulsification + IOL implantation + trabeculectomy) to treat medically uncontrolled acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG). The clinical data of 44 patients (45 eyes) with APACG treated in the Department of Ophthalmology of Taihe Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into 2 groups based on quadruple surgery and dual surgery. There were 20 patients (20 eyes) underwent quadruple surgery in group A. And there were 24 patients (25 eyes) dual surgery in group B. The changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), visual improvement, and complications were observed between the 2 groups preoperatively and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively. Preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was the influencing factor of postoperative BCVA at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Before surgery, the mean IOP of group A was significantly higher than that of group B (P < .001), and no significant difference was found in the BCVA, age, gender, eyes, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) (P(BCVA) = 0.12, P(age) = 0.76, P(eyes) = 0.20, P(gender) = 0.37, P(AL) = 0.94, P(ACD) = 0.08). On comparison at postoperative 1week, there was no significant difference in the IOP and BCVA between the 2 groups (P(IOP) = 0.64, P(BCVA) = 0.66). The mean IOP of group A was significantly lower than that of group B 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively (P(1month) = 0.002, P(3months) < 0.001, P(6months) < 0.001). The degree of visual acuity recovery was significantly higher in group A at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively (P(1month) = 0.03, P(3months) = 0.02, P(6months) = 0.02). During treatment, the incidence of complications in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P < .01). The clinical efficacy of anterior segment pars plana vitrectomy combined with posterior capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification, and trabeculectomy elicits clinical safety in treating medically uncontrolled APACG. It has remarkable effects and leads to a significant decrease in the occurrence of complications.