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Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance

Constant assessment of insecticide resistance levels is mandatory to implement adequate malaria control tools, but little information is available on the annual dynamics of resistance. We, therefore, monitored variations in resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. over four seasons during 2 years in two...

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Autores principales: Tene‐Fossog, Billy, Fotso‐Toguem, Yvan Gaetan, Amvongo‐Adjia, Nathalie, Ranson, Hilary, Wondji, Charles S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9545389/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35521949
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12577
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author Tene‐Fossog, Billy
Fotso‐Toguem, Yvan Gaetan
Amvongo‐Adjia, Nathalie
Ranson, Hilary
Wondji, Charles S.
author_facet Tene‐Fossog, Billy
Fotso‐Toguem, Yvan Gaetan
Amvongo‐Adjia, Nathalie
Ranson, Hilary
Wondji, Charles S.
author_sort Tene‐Fossog, Billy
collection PubMed
description Constant assessment of insecticide resistance levels is mandatory to implement adequate malaria control tools, but little information is available on the annual dynamics of resistance. We, therefore, monitored variations in resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. over four seasons during 2 years in two localities of Yaoundé: urban Etoa‐Meki and peri‐urban Nkolondom. Mosquitoes were collected seasonally at larval stage and reared to adults for insecticide susceptibility tests and molecular analysis of resistance mechanisms. Anopheles coluzzii was found in Etoa‐Meki and An. gambiae in Nkolondom. Low mortalities to pyrethroids were observed (permethrin <10%, deltamethrin <21%), and resistance extended to 5× and 10× diagnostic doses, revealing a marked increase compared to previous studies. A seasonal variation in resistance was observed with the highest levels within dry seasons in Etoa‐Meki and rainy seasons in Nkolondom. The 1014F kdr allele shows a high frequency (0.9), associated with overexpression of metabolic genes (Cyp6M2, Cyp6P4, Cyp9K1, Cyp6Z1, and Cyp6Z2) varying significantly seasonally. This study reveals an escalation in resistance to pyrethroids in Yaoundé's malaria vectors with seasonal variations. An adequate choice of the implementation period of punctual vector control actions according to the resistance profile will help to potentiate the desired effect and thus improve its efficiency.
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spelling pubmed-95453892022-10-14 Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance Tene‐Fossog, Billy Fotso‐Toguem, Yvan Gaetan Amvongo‐Adjia, Nathalie Ranson, Hilary Wondji, Charles S. Med Vet Entomol Special Issue Articles Constant assessment of insecticide resistance levels is mandatory to implement adequate malaria control tools, but little information is available on the annual dynamics of resistance. We, therefore, monitored variations in resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. over four seasons during 2 years in two localities of Yaoundé: urban Etoa‐Meki and peri‐urban Nkolondom. Mosquitoes were collected seasonally at larval stage and reared to adults for insecticide susceptibility tests and molecular analysis of resistance mechanisms. Anopheles coluzzii was found in Etoa‐Meki and An. gambiae in Nkolondom. Low mortalities to pyrethroids were observed (permethrin <10%, deltamethrin <21%), and resistance extended to 5× and 10× diagnostic doses, revealing a marked increase compared to previous studies. A seasonal variation in resistance was observed with the highest levels within dry seasons in Etoa‐Meki and rainy seasons in Nkolondom. The 1014F kdr allele shows a high frequency (0.9), associated with overexpression of metabolic genes (Cyp6M2, Cyp6P4, Cyp9K1, Cyp6Z1, and Cyp6Z2) varying significantly seasonally. This study reveals an escalation in resistance to pyrethroids in Yaoundé's malaria vectors with seasonal variations. An adequate choice of the implementation period of punctual vector control actions according to the resistance profile will help to potentiate the desired effect and thus improve its efficiency. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2022-05-06 2022-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9545389/ /pubmed/35521949 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12577 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Medical and Veterinary Entomology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Entomological Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Special Issue Articles
Tene‐Fossog, Billy
Fotso‐Toguem, Yvan Gaetan
Amvongo‐Adjia, Nathalie
Ranson, Hilary
Wondji, Charles S.
Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
title Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
title_full Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
title_fullStr Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
title_full_unstemmed Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
title_short Temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Yaoundé, Cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
title_sort temporal variation of high‐level pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector anopheles gambiae s.l. in yaoundé, cameroon, is mediated by target‐site and metabolic resistance
topic Special Issue Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9545389/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35521949
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12577
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