Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase activity is unchanged despite increased myofilament calcium sensitivity in Zucker type 2 diabetic fatty rat heart

Systolic and diastolic dysfunction in diabetes have frequently been associated with abnormal calcium (Ca(2+)) regulation. However, there is emerging evidence that Ca(2+) mishandling alone is insufficient to fully explain diabetic heart dysfunction, with focus shifting to the properties of the myofilament proteins. Our aim was to examine the effects of diabetes on myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and Ca(2+) handling in left ventricular tissues isolated from the same type 2 diabetic rat hearts. We measured the force-pCa relationship in skinned left ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from 20-week-old type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity was greater in the diabetic relative to non-diabetic cardiomyocytes, and this corresponded with lower phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) at ser23/24 in the diabetic left ventricular tissues. Protein expression of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA), phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB) at Ser16, and SERCA/PLB ratio were lower in the diabetic left ventricular tissues. However, the maximum SERCA Ca(2+) uptake rate was not different between the diabetic and non-diabetic myocardium. Our data suggest that impaired contractility in the diabetic heart is not caused by SERCA Ca(2+) mishandling. This study highlights the important role of the cardiac myofilament and provides new insight on the pathophysiology of diabetic heart dysfunction.