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Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya

Staphylococcus aureus is a clinically important bacteria with high antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge globally. The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones with unique sequence types have been identified in the community showing evidence that the epidemiology of...

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Autores principales: Njenga, John, Nyasinga, Justin, Munshi, Zubair, Muraya, Angela, Omuse, Geoffrey, Ngugi, Caroline, Revathi, Gunturu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9548584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36226152
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.966283
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author Njenga, John
Nyasinga, Justin
Munshi, Zubair
Muraya, Angela
Omuse, Geoffrey
Ngugi, Caroline
Revathi, Gunturu
author_facet Njenga, John
Nyasinga, Justin
Munshi, Zubair
Muraya, Angela
Omuse, Geoffrey
Ngugi, Caroline
Revathi, Gunturu
author_sort Njenga, John
collection PubMed
description Staphylococcus aureus is a clinically important bacteria with high antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge globally. The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones with unique sequence types have been identified in the community showing evidence that the epidemiology of MRSA globally is changing and requires continual surveillance. We utilized whole genome sequencing to characterize two community acquired-MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains isolated from wound swabs from community-onset infections in two health facilities in Kenya. The two strains belonged to multilocus sequence type (MLST) sequence type (ST) 7460, and ST 7635. The resistance genes detected showed that the novel STs are carriers of clinically relevant resistance genes. Linezolid and mupirocin resistance was observed, yet mupirocin is not commonly used in the country. Mutations within resistance genes were also detected and the pathogenicity toward the human host matched various pathogenic global S. aureus families, e.g., S. aureus subsp. aureus USA300. Multidrug efflux transporters, important in antimicrobial resistance including restriction enzymes type I and type IV were detected. Plasmids identified showed similarities with the plasmids in other clinically significant non-staphylococcal species, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii, and Enterococcus faecium. Both STs belong to clonal complex 8 (CC8) which is the most successful MRSA clone in Kenya. Spa type t30 to which ST 7635 belongs has not been reported in the country. The results of this study further highlight the need for epidemiological studies to reveal circulating strains and antimicrobial resistance spread between hospitals and the community. The genomic research highlights resistance to anti-staphylococcal broad-spectrum antimicrobials not used frequently in the country, jeopardizing successful MRSA treatment since most health facilities do not perform genotypic resistance tests for routine patient management. Preliminary insights into unidentified STs of CA-MRSA in Kenya show the need for molecular epidemiological surveillance studies to further understand the diversity of S. aureus in Africa.
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spelling pubmed-95485842022-10-11 Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya Njenga, John Nyasinga, Justin Munshi, Zubair Muraya, Angela Omuse, Geoffrey Ngugi, Caroline Revathi, Gunturu Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Staphylococcus aureus is a clinically important bacteria with high antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge globally. The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones with unique sequence types have been identified in the community showing evidence that the epidemiology of MRSA globally is changing and requires continual surveillance. We utilized whole genome sequencing to characterize two community acquired-MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains isolated from wound swabs from community-onset infections in two health facilities in Kenya. The two strains belonged to multilocus sequence type (MLST) sequence type (ST) 7460, and ST 7635. The resistance genes detected showed that the novel STs are carriers of clinically relevant resistance genes. Linezolid and mupirocin resistance was observed, yet mupirocin is not commonly used in the country. Mutations within resistance genes were also detected and the pathogenicity toward the human host matched various pathogenic global S. aureus families, e.g., S. aureus subsp. aureus USA300. Multidrug efflux transporters, important in antimicrobial resistance including restriction enzymes type I and type IV were detected. Plasmids identified showed similarities with the plasmids in other clinically significant non-staphylococcal species, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii, and Enterococcus faecium. Both STs belong to clonal complex 8 (CC8) which is the most successful MRSA clone in Kenya. Spa type t30 to which ST 7635 belongs has not been reported in the country. The results of this study further highlight the need for epidemiological studies to reveal circulating strains and antimicrobial resistance spread between hospitals and the community. The genomic research highlights resistance to anti-staphylococcal broad-spectrum antimicrobials not used frequently in the country, jeopardizing successful MRSA treatment since most health facilities do not perform genotypic resistance tests for routine patient management. Preliminary insights into unidentified STs of CA-MRSA in Kenya show the need for molecular epidemiological surveillance studies to further understand the diversity of S. aureus in Africa. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9548584/ /pubmed/36226152 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.966283 Text en Copyright © 2022 Njenga, Nyasinga, Munshi, Muraya, Omuse, Ngugi and Revathi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Njenga, John
Nyasinga, Justin
Munshi, Zubair
Muraya, Angela
Omuse, Geoffrey
Ngugi, Caroline
Revathi, Gunturu
Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya
title Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya
title_full Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya
title_fullStr Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya
title_short Genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in Kenya
title_sort genomic characterization of two community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus with novel sequence types in kenya
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9548584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36226152
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.966283
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