Neonatal Outcome Associated With Maternal COVID-19 Infection in Adolescent Patients

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection during pregnancy has been associated with high rates of preeclampsia, stillbirth, and preterm birth. Adolescent pregnancy has also been associated with various adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including preeclampsia, stillbirth, preterm birth, congenital anomalies, and low birth weight. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether COVID-19 infection associated with adolescent pregnancy represents an additional risk factor. Methods We performed a study that included 17 adolescent COVID-19- positive patients, who delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, between 01.04.2020 and 15.04.2022, and a control group of 17 patients who were COVID-19-negative and delivered in the same period in the same unit. In the control group, additional risk factors that could affect neonatal outcomes were excluded. The COVID-19 infection was confirmed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The analysis of neonatal outcomes included preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, congenital anomalies, and Apgar score calculated at one minute. Results The data from this study showed that COVID-19 infection does not influence the newborn's weight or Apgar score in adolescent patients. Also, in our study, COVID-19 infection was not statistically significant according to preterm delivery in adolescents. Conclusion Adolescent pregnancy represents an important health problem associated with a high risk of maternal and neonatal complications. However, COVID-19 infection does not influence neonatal outcomes in this population.