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Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: Autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes are a novel disease entity that is not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that neurodegenerative processes are involved here. We are investigating whether autoantibody-positive psychiatric syndromes differ from those that are...

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Autores principales: Juhl, Aaron Levin, Grenzer, Insa Maria, Teegen, Bianca, Wiltfang, Jens, Fitzner, Dirk, Hansen, Niels
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9550648/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36238527
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100169
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author Juhl, Aaron Levin
Grenzer, Insa Maria
Teegen, Bianca
Wiltfang, Jens
Fitzner, Dirk
Hansen, Niels
author_facet Juhl, Aaron Levin
Grenzer, Insa Maria
Teegen, Bianca
Wiltfang, Jens
Fitzner, Dirk
Hansen, Niels
author_sort Juhl, Aaron Levin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes are a novel disease entity that is not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that neurodegenerative processes are involved here. We are investigating whether autoantibody-positive psychiatric syndromes differ from those that are autoantibody-negative in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurodegeneration markers. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 167 psychiatric patients at the University Medical Center Göttingen from 2017 to 2020. We divided this patient cohort into two, namely antibody-positive and antibody-negative. We compared various clinical features, neurodegeneration markers, and their autoantibody status in CSF and serum. We then compared both cohorts' neurodegeneration markers to a representative Alzheimer cohort. We subdivided the patients into their diverse psychiatric syndromes according to the manual to assess and document psychopathology in psychiatry (the AMDP), and compared the neurodegeneration markers. RESULTS: Antibody-associated psychiatric syndromes do not appear to reveal significantly greater neurodegeneration than their antibody-negative psychiatric syndromes. 71% of antibody-positive patients fulfilled the criteria for a possible and 22% for a definitive autoimmune encephalitis. Our autoantibody-positive patient cohort's relative risk to develop an possible autoimmune encephalitis was 9%. We also noted that phosphorylated tau protein 181 (ptau 181) did not significantly differ between antibody-associated psychiatric syndromes and our Alzheimer cohort. The psycho-organic syndrome usually exhibits the most prominent neurodegeneration markers, both in antibody-positive and antibody-negative psychiatric patients. DISCUSSION: We did not find hints for neurodegenerative processes in our antibody-positive versus AD cohort considering total tau or amyloid markers. However, our findings indicate that the neurodegeneration marker ptau181 does not differ significantly between antibody-positive and Alzheimer cohorts, further suggesting axonal neurodegeneration in antibody-positive patients as AD patients have an elevated ptau181. The evidence we uncovered thus suggests that axonal neurodegeneration might affect patients suffering from autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes.
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spelling pubmed-95506482022-10-12 Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study Juhl, Aaron Levin Grenzer, Insa Maria Teegen, Bianca Wiltfang, Jens Fitzner, Dirk Hansen, Niels J Transl Autoimmun VSI:Autoantibodies in disease BACKGROUND: Autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes are a novel disease entity that is not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that neurodegenerative processes are involved here. We are investigating whether autoantibody-positive psychiatric syndromes differ from those that are autoantibody-negative in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurodegeneration markers. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 167 psychiatric patients at the University Medical Center Göttingen from 2017 to 2020. We divided this patient cohort into two, namely antibody-positive and antibody-negative. We compared various clinical features, neurodegeneration markers, and their autoantibody status in CSF and serum. We then compared both cohorts' neurodegeneration markers to a representative Alzheimer cohort. We subdivided the patients into their diverse psychiatric syndromes according to the manual to assess and document psychopathology in psychiatry (the AMDP), and compared the neurodegeneration markers. RESULTS: Antibody-associated psychiatric syndromes do not appear to reveal significantly greater neurodegeneration than their antibody-negative psychiatric syndromes. 71% of antibody-positive patients fulfilled the criteria for a possible and 22% for a definitive autoimmune encephalitis. Our autoantibody-positive patient cohort's relative risk to develop an possible autoimmune encephalitis was 9%. We also noted that phosphorylated tau protein 181 (ptau 181) did not significantly differ between antibody-associated psychiatric syndromes and our Alzheimer cohort. The psycho-organic syndrome usually exhibits the most prominent neurodegeneration markers, both in antibody-positive and antibody-negative psychiatric patients. DISCUSSION: We did not find hints for neurodegenerative processes in our antibody-positive versus AD cohort considering total tau or amyloid markers. However, our findings indicate that the neurodegeneration marker ptau181 does not differ significantly between antibody-positive and Alzheimer cohorts, further suggesting axonal neurodegeneration in antibody-positive patients as AD patients have an elevated ptau181. The evidence we uncovered thus suggests that axonal neurodegeneration might affect patients suffering from autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes. Elsevier 2022-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9550648/ /pubmed/36238527 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100169 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle VSI:Autoantibodies in disease
Juhl, Aaron Levin
Grenzer, Insa Maria
Teegen, Bianca
Wiltfang, Jens
Fitzner, Dirk
Hansen, Niels
Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study
title Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study
title_full Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study
title_short Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: A retrospective cohort study
title_sort biomarkers of neurodegeneration in neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: a retrospective cohort study
topic VSI:Autoantibodies in disease
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9550648/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36238527
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100169
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