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Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery

Background: In the spring of 2020, we identified 3 patients with organ-space surgical site infections (SSIs) secondary to Mycobacterium abscessus (Table 1). All 3 patients underwent cardiac surgery in the same operating room (OR) during which the CardioQuip Modular Cooler-Heaters (MCHs) were used. W...

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Autores principales: Abdul Azim, Ahmed, Wright, Sharon, Connors, Bryan, Gordon, Patrick, Mehrotra, Preeti
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9551463/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2021.45
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author Abdul Azim, Ahmed
Wright, Sharon
Connors, Bryan
Gordon, Patrick
Mehrotra, Preeti
author_facet Abdul Azim, Ahmed
Wright, Sharon
Connors, Bryan
Gordon, Patrick
Mehrotra, Preeti
author_sort Abdul Azim, Ahmed
collection PubMed
description Background: In the spring of 2020, we identified 3 patients with organ-space surgical site infections (SSIs) secondary to Mycobacterium abscessus (Table 1). All 3 patients underwent cardiac surgery in the same operating room (OR) during which the CardioQuip Modular Cooler-Heaters (MCHs) were used. We describe key aspects of our cluster investigation, which ultimately led to release of a national safety alert by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Methods: For environmental cultures, we obtained samples from 9 MCHs in circulation; 2 scrub sink samples; ice from the OR ice machine; water samples from sinks in the cardiovascular critical care unit, and water samples from floors above the cardiac ORs. All samples were sent for molecular genotyping. For pathway studies, an external environmental engineering team was consulted who conducted smoke pathway tests in 3 different ORs. The team also conducted a particle generator experiment, simulating the set-up of a cardiac bypass surgery case. To assess disinfection practices, we reviewed the manufacturer instructions for use (IFU) protocol of the MCHs and audited our own policies and procedures to ensure compliance. Results: For environmental cultures, molecular typing from 5 of 9 MCHs and all 3 patient SSI isolates returned positive for the identical hybrid species M. abscessus bolleti. All other samples with mycobacterial growth returned with different species. For pathway studies, the particle-generator experiment demonstrated particle movement from the MCH to the sterile field with facilities-guidelines–compliant OR ventilation and despite MCH manufacturing design. For disinfection practices, despite compliance with the stated IFU, and in consultation with experts, we implemented disinfection of associated Quick-connect devices (otherwise not stated in the IFU), and we also initiated a precleaning step prior to disinfection. Conclusions: Our investigation concluded that 3 patients developed SSIs with Mycobacterium abscessus that was aerosolized from the CardioQuip MCH. This finding led to the national FDA safety report alerting providers to risks associated with the device and the need for continued vigilance around disinfection. In addition, we implemented other control measures including placement of MCHs outside all ORs; creation of a separate MCH fleet for non-OR use; and use of modified disinfection protocols. To date, no additional cases have been identified. Funding: No Disclosures: None
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spelling pubmed-95514632022-10-12 Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery Abdul Azim, Ahmed Wright, Sharon Connors, Bryan Gordon, Patrick Mehrotra, Preeti Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol Outbreaks Background: In the spring of 2020, we identified 3 patients with organ-space surgical site infections (SSIs) secondary to Mycobacterium abscessus (Table 1). All 3 patients underwent cardiac surgery in the same operating room (OR) during which the CardioQuip Modular Cooler-Heaters (MCHs) were used. We describe key aspects of our cluster investigation, which ultimately led to release of a national safety alert by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Methods: For environmental cultures, we obtained samples from 9 MCHs in circulation; 2 scrub sink samples; ice from the OR ice machine; water samples from sinks in the cardiovascular critical care unit, and water samples from floors above the cardiac ORs. All samples were sent for molecular genotyping. For pathway studies, an external environmental engineering team was consulted who conducted smoke pathway tests in 3 different ORs. The team also conducted a particle generator experiment, simulating the set-up of a cardiac bypass surgery case. To assess disinfection practices, we reviewed the manufacturer instructions for use (IFU) protocol of the MCHs and audited our own policies and procedures to ensure compliance. Results: For environmental cultures, molecular typing from 5 of 9 MCHs and all 3 patient SSI isolates returned positive for the identical hybrid species M. abscessus bolleti. All other samples with mycobacterial growth returned with different species. For pathway studies, the particle-generator experiment demonstrated particle movement from the MCH to the sterile field with facilities-guidelines–compliant OR ventilation and despite MCH manufacturing design. For disinfection practices, despite compliance with the stated IFU, and in consultation with experts, we implemented disinfection of associated Quick-connect devices (otherwise not stated in the IFU), and we also initiated a precleaning step prior to disinfection. Conclusions: Our investigation concluded that 3 patients developed SSIs with Mycobacterium abscessus that was aerosolized from the CardioQuip MCH. This finding led to the national FDA safety report alerting providers to risks associated with the device and the need for continued vigilance around disinfection. In addition, we implemented other control measures including placement of MCHs outside all ORs; creation of a separate MCH fleet for non-OR use; and use of modified disinfection protocols. To date, no additional cases have been identified. Funding: No Disclosures: None Cambridge University Press 2021-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9551463/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2021.45 Text en © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Outbreaks
Abdul Azim, Ahmed
Wright, Sharon
Connors, Bryan
Gordon, Patrick
Mehrotra, Preeti
Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery
title Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery
title_full Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery
title_fullStr Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery
title_full_unstemmed Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery
title_short Mycobacterium abscessus Surgical Site Infections Due to Modular Cooler-Heater Units in Cardiac Surgery
title_sort mycobacterium abscessus surgical site infections due to modular cooler-heater units in cardiac surgery
topic Outbreaks
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9551463/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2021.45
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