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Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps

Vegetation is a sensitive factor in marsh ecosystems, which can provide nesting sites, foraging areas, and hiding places for waterfowl and can affect their survival environment. The Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve, which consists of large areas of marshes, is located in the semi-arid region of...

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Autores principales: Deng, Guangyi, Gao, Jin, Jiang, Haibo, Li, Dehao, Wang, Xue, Wen, Yang, Sheng, Lianxi, He, Chunguang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9552615/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36237507
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.990592
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author Deng, Guangyi
Gao, Jin
Jiang, Haibo
Li, Dehao
Wang, Xue
Wen, Yang
Sheng, Lianxi
He, Chunguang
author_facet Deng, Guangyi
Gao, Jin
Jiang, Haibo
Li, Dehao
Wang, Xue
Wen, Yang
Sheng, Lianxi
He, Chunguang
author_sort Deng, Guangyi
collection PubMed
description Vegetation is a sensitive factor in marsh ecosystems, which can provide nesting sites, foraging areas, and hiding places for waterfowl and can affect their survival environment. The Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve, which consists of large areas of marshes, is located in the semi-arid region of northeast China and is an important stopover site for the critically endangered species of the Siberian Crane (Grus leucogeranus). Global climate change, extreme droughts and floods, and large differences in evaporation and precipitation in this region can cause rapid vegetation succession. In recent years, increased grain production and river-lake connectivity projects carried out in this area to increase grain outputs and restore wetlands have caused significant changes in the hydrological and landscape patterns. Therefore, research on the response of variation trends in vegetation patterns to the main driving factors (climate change and human activities) is critical for the conservation of the Siberian Crane. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, we obtained and processed the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data of the study area during the peak summer vegetation period for each year from 1984 to 2020, estimated the annual vegetation cover using Maximum value composites (MVC) method and the image dichotomy method, calculated and analyzed the spatial and temporal trends of vegetation cover, explored the response of vegetation cover change in terms of climate change and human activities, and quantified the relative contribution of both. The results revealed that first, from the spatial and temporal changes, the average annual growth rate of regional vegetation was 0.002/a, and 71.14% of the study area was improved. The vegetation cover showed a trend of degradation and then recovery, in which the percentage of high vegetation cover area decreased from 51.22% (1984–2000) to 28.33% (2001–2005), and then recovered to 55.69% (2006–2020). Second, among climate change factors, precipitation was more correlated with the growth of vegetation in the study area than temperature, and the increase in precipitation during the growing season could promote the growth of marsh vegetation in the Momoge Reserve. Third, overall, human activities have contributed to the improvement of vegetation cover in the study area with the implementation of important ecological projects, such as the return of farmland to wetlands, the return of grazing to grass, and the connection of rivers and lakes. Fourth, climate change and human activities jointly drive vegetation change, but the contribution of human activities in both vegetation improvement and degradation areas (85.68% and 78.29%, respectively) is higher than that of climate change (14.32% and 21.71%, respectively), which is the main reason for vegetation improvement or degradation in the study area. The analysis of vegetation pattern change within an intensive time series in semi-arid regions can provide a reference and basis for studying the driving factors in regions with rapid changes in vegetation and hydrological conditions.
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spelling pubmed-95526152022-10-12 Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps Deng, Guangyi Gao, Jin Jiang, Haibo Li, Dehao Wang, Xue Wen, Yang Sheng, Lianxi He, Chunguang Front Plant Sci Plant Science Vegetation is a sensitive factor in marsh ecosystems, which can provide nesting sites, foraging areas, and hiding places for waterfowl and can affect their survival environment. The Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve, which consists of large areas of marshes, is located in the semi-arid region of northeast China and is an important stopover site for the critically endangered species of the Siberian Crane (Grus leucogeranus). Global climate change, extreme droughts and floods, and large differences in evaporation and precipitation in this region can cause rapid vegetation succession. In recent years, increased grain production and river-lake connectivity projects carried out in this area to increase grain outputs and restore wetlands have caused significant changes in the hydrological and landscape patterns. Therefore, research on the response of variation trends in vegetation patterns to the main driving factors (climate change and human activities) is critical for the conservation of the Siberian Crane. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, we obtained and processed the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data of the study area during the peak summer vegetation period for each year from 1984 to 2020, estimated the annual vegetation cover using Maximum value composites (MVC) method and the image dichotomy method, calculated and analyzed the spatial and temporal trends of vegetation cover, explored the response of vegetation cover change in terms of climate change and human activities, and quantified the relative contribution of both. The results revealed that first, from the spatial and temporal changes, the average annual growth rate of regional vegetation was 0.002/a, and 71.14% of the study area was improved. The vegetation cover showed a trend of degradation and then recovery, in which the percentage of high vegetation cover area decreased from 51.22% (1984–2000) to 28.33% (2001–2005), and then recovered to 55.69% (2006–2020). Second, among climate change factors, precipitation was more correlated with the growth of vegetation in the study area than temperature, and the increase in precipitation during the growing season could promote the growth of marsh vegetation in the Momoge Reserve. Third, overall, human activities have contributed to the improvement of vegetation cover in the study area with the implementation of important ecological projects, such as the return of farmland to wetlands, the return of grazing to grass, and the connection of rivers and lakes. Fourth, climate change and human activities jointly drive vegetation change, but the contribution of human activities in both vegetation improvement and degradation areas (85.68% and 78.29%, respectively) is higher than that of climate change (14.32% and 21.71%, respectively), which is the main reason for vegetation improvement or degradation in the study area. The analysis of vegetation pattern change within an intensive time series in semi-arid regions can provide a reference and basis for studying the driving factors in regions with rapid changes in vegetation and hydrological conditions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9552615/ /pubmed/36237507 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.990592 Text en Copyright © 2022 Deng, Gao, Jiang, Li, Wang, Wen, Sheng and He https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Deng, Guangyi
Gao, Jin
Jiang, Haibo
Li, Dehao
Wang, Xue
Wen, Yang
Sheng, Lianxi
He, Chunguang
Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
title Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
title_full Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
title_fullStr Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
title_full_unstemmed Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
title_short Response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
title_sort response of vegetation variation to climate change and human activities in semi-arid swamps
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9552615/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36237507
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.990592
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