Reported thresholds of self-motion perception are influenced by testing paradigm

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Different testing paradigms have been proposed to investigate perceptual self-motion thresholds. They can differ regarding the amount of possible motions that patients have to choose from. Objective of this study was to compare the two-option paradigm and twelve-option paradigm, to investigate whether reducing the choice options significantly influences the reported thresholds of self-motion perception of healthy subjects. METHODS: Thirty-three volunteers with no prior vestibular complaints were included and sequentially tested with both paradigms at a random sequence. Perceptual self-motion thresholds were measured using a hydraulic motion platform in the absence of external visual and auditory cues. The platform delivered twelve different movements: six translations and six rotations. Each subject had to report the correct type and direction of movements. Thresholds were determined by a double confirmation of the lowest threshold, in combination with a double rejection of the one-step lower stimulus. Perceptual self-motion thresholds of both paradigms were compared using the mixed model analysis. RESULTS: The twelve-option paradigm showed significantly higher reported thresholds for yaw rotations and translations left, right and down (p < 0.001), compared to the two-option paradigm. No statistical difference was found for rolls and translations up. No significant gender effect, learning effect and carry-over effect were present in any of the applied motion directions. CONCLUSION: Reported thresholds of self-motion perception of healthy subjects are influenced by the testing paradigm. The twelve-option paradigm showed significantly higher thresholds than the two-option paradigm. Results obtained with each testing paradigm should, therefore, be compared to paradigm-specific normative data. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00415-022-11032-y.