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Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014

BACKGROUND: Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) persist globally with a disproportionately high burden in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Although this might be partly due to the failure to sustain vaccination coverage above 90% in some WHO regions, a more nuanced understanding of VPD trans...

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Autores principales: Amoako-Sakyi, Daniel, Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas, Ofosu, Anthony, Kusi, Kwadwo Asamoah, Osei, Kingsley, Adade, Richard, Aniakwaa-Bonsu, Ebenezer, Quansah, Reginald, Arko-Mensah, John, Amoah, Brodrick Yeboah, Kwakye-Nuako, Godwin, Frimpong, Eric Yaw, Combasseré-Cherif, Mariama, Mohammed, Hidaya, Maiga, Boubacar, Fobil, Julius, Quakyi, Isabella, Gyan, Ben A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9555261/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36224589
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14307-1
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author Amoako-Sakyi, Daniel
Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas
Ofosu, Anthony
Kusi, Kwadwo Asamoah
Osei, Kingsley
Adade, Richard
Aniakwaa-Bonsu, Ebenezer
Quansah, Reginald
Arko-Mensah, John
Amoah, Brodrick Yeboah
Kwakye-Nuako, Godwin
Frimpong, Eric Yaw
Combasseré-Cherif, Mariama
Mohammed, Hidaya
Maiga, Boubacar
Fobil, Julius
Quakyi, Isabella
Gyan, Ben A.
author_facet Amoako-Sakyi, Daniel
Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas
Ofosu, Anthony
Kusi, Kwadwo Asamoah
Osei, Kingsley
Adade, Richard
Aniakwaa-Bonsu, Ebenezer
Quansah, Reginald
Arko-Mensah, John
Amoah, Brodrick Yeboah
Kwakye-Nuako, Godwin
Frimpong, Eric Yaw
Combasseré-Cherif, Mariama
Mohammed, Hidaya
Maiga, Boubacar
Fobil, Julius
Quakyi, Isabella
Gyan, Ben A.
author_sort Amoako-Sakyi, Daniel
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) persist globally with a disproportionately high burden in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Although this might be partly due to the failure to sustain vaccination coverage above 90% in some WHO regions, a more nuanced understanding of VPD transmission beyond vaccination coverage may unveil other important factors in VPD transmission and control. This study identified VPDs hotspots and explored their relationships with ecology, urbanicity and land-use variations (Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) activities) in Ghana. METHODS: District-level disease count data from 2010 to 2014 from the Ghana Health Service (GHS) and population data from the Ghana Population and Housing Census (PHC) were used to determine clustering patterns of six VPDs (Measles, Meningitis, Mumps, Otitis media, Pneumonia and Tetanus). Spatial and space-time cluster analyses were implemented in SaTScan using the discrete Poisson model. P-values were estimated using a combination of sequential Monte Carlo, standard Monte Carlo, and Gumbel approximations. RESULTS: The study found a preponderance for VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and northernmost ecological zones (Sudan Savannah and Guinea Savannah). Incidence of meningitis was higher in the Sudan Savannah ecological zone relative to: Tropical Rain Forest (p = 0.001); Semi Deciduous Forest (p < 0.0001); Transitional Zone (p < 0.0001); Coastal Savannah (p < 0.0001) and Guinea Savannah (p = 0.033). Except for mumps, which recorded a higher incidence in urban districts (p = 0.045), incidence of the other five VPDs did not differ across the urban-rural divide. Whereas spatial analysis suggested that some VPD hotspots (tetanus and otitis media) occur more frequently in mining districts in the southern part of the country, a Mann-Whitney U test revealed a higher incidence of meningitis in non-mining districts (p = 0.019). Pneumonia and meningitis recorded the highest (722.8 per 100,000) and least (0.8 per 100,000) incidence rates respectively during the study period. CONCLUSION: This study shows a preponderance of VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and in semi-arid ecoclimates. The relationship between ASGM activities and VPD transmission in Ghana remains blurred and requires further studies with better spatial resolution to clarify.
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spelling pubmed-95552612022-10-12 Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014 Amoako-Sakyi, Daniel Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas Ofosu, Anthony Kusi, Kwadwo Asamoah Osei, Kingsley Adade, Richard Aniakwaa-Bonsu, Ebenezer Quansah, Reginald Arko-Mensah, John Amoah, Brodrick Yeboah Kwakye-Nuako, Godwin Frimpong, Eric Yaw Combasseré-Cherif, Mariama Mohammed, Hidaya Maiga, Boubacar Fobil, Julius Quakyi, Isabella Gyan, Ben A. BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) persist globally with a disproportionately high burden in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Although this might be partly due to the failure to sustain vaccination coverage above 90% in some WHO regions, a more nuanced understanding of VPD transmission beyond vaccination coverage may unveil other important factors in VPD transmission and control. This study identified VPDs hotspots and explored their relationships with ecology, urbanicity and land-use variations (Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) activities) in Ghana. METHODS: District-level disease count data from 2010 to 2014 from the Ghana Health Service (GHS) and population data from the Ghana Population and Housing Census (PHC) were used to determine clustering patterns of six VPDs (Measles, Meningitis, Mumps, Otitis media, Pneumonia and Tetanus). Spatial and space-time cluster analyses were implemented in SaTScan using the discrete Poisson model. P-values were estimated using a combination of sequential Monte Carlo, standard Monte Carlo, and Gumbel approximations. RESULTS: The study found a preponderance for VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and northernmost ecological zones (Sudan Savannah and Guinea Savannah). Incidence of meningitis was higher in the Sudan Savannah ecological zone relative to: Tropical Rain Forest (p = 0.001); Semi Deciduous Forest (p < 0.0001); Transitional Zone (p < 0.0001); Coastal Savannah (p < 0.0001) and Guinea Savannah (p = 0.033). Except for mumps, which recorded a higher incidence in urban districts (p = 0.045), incidence of the other five VPDs did not differ across the urban-rural divide. Whereas spatial analysis suggested that some VPD hotspots (tetanus and otitis media) occur more frequently in mining districts in the southern part of the country, a Mann-Whitney U test revealed a higher incidence of meningitis in non-mining districts (p = 0.019). Pneumonia and meningitis recorded the highest (722.8 per 100,000) and least (0.8 per 100,000) incidence rates respectively during the study period. CONCLUSION: This study shows a preponderance of VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and in semi-arid ecoclimates. The relationship between ASGM activities and VPD transmission in Ghana remains blurred and requires further studies with better spatial resolution to clarify. BioMed Central 2022-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9555261/ /pubmed/36224589 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14307-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Amoako-Sakyi, Daniel
Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas
Ofosu, Anthony
Kusi, Kwadwo Asamoah
Osei, Kingsley
Adade, Richard
Aniakwaa-Bonsu, Ebenezer
Quansah, Reginald
Arko-Mensah, John
Amoah, Brodrick Yeboah
Kwakye-Nuako, Godwin
Frimpong, Eric Yaw
Combasseré-Cherif, Mariama
Mohammed, Hidaya
Maiga, Boubacar
Fobil, Julius
Quakyi, Isabella
Gyan, Ben A.
Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
title Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
title_full Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
title_fullStr Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
title_full_unstemmed Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
title_short Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
title_sort preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9555261/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36224589
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14307-1
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