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The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures
In the ocean, phytoplankton are dependent on communities of bacteria living in the phycosphere, a hot spot of metabolic and genetic exchange. Many types of interactions between phytoplankton and phycosphere bacteria have been shown, but it is unclear if the microbial communities associated with micr...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9555710/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36246277 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.952238 |
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author | Sanchez-Garcia, Selene Wang, Hui Wagner-Döbler, Irene |
author_facet | Sanchez-Garcia, Selene Wang, Hui Wagner-Döbler, Irene |
author_sort | Sanchez-Garcia, Selene |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the ocean, phytoplankton are dependent on communities of bacteria living in the phycosphere, a hot spot of metabolic and genetic exchange. Many types of interactions between phytoplankton and phycosphere bacteria have been shown, but it is unclear if the microbial communities associated with microalgae strains in culture collections are beneficial or harmful to the host strain. Here, we studied the microbial communities associated with four strains of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum that had been isolated from distant geographical locations and maintained in culture collection for hundreds of generations. Community composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dinoflagellate host strain was the strongest parameter separating communities, while growth phase, lifestyle (particle-attached versus free-living) and temperature had only a modulating effect. Although the strains had been isolated from distant locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, 14 ASVs were shared among all strains, the most abundant ones being Gilvibacter, Marivita, uncultivated Rhodobacteraceae, Marinobacter, Hyphomonadaceae, Cupriavidus, Variovorax, and Paucibacter. Adaptation to higher temperatures resulted in specific changes in each phycosphere microbiome, including increased abundance of rare community members. We then compared the growth of the four xenic cultures to that of the axenic P. cordatum CCMP1329. At 20°C, growth of the xenic cultures was similar or slower than that of CCMP1329. At 26°C, all four xenic cultures experienced a death phase, while the axenic culture stably remained in the stationary phase. At 30°C, only two of the xenic cultures were able to grow. A shift of dinoflagellate metabolism from autotrophy to mixotrophy and competition between dinoflagellate and bacteria for limiting nutrients, including essential vitamins, may contribute to these differences in growth patterns. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9555710 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95557102022-10-13 The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures Sanchez-Garcia, Selene Wang, Hui Wagner-Döbler, Irene Front Microbiol Microbiology In the ocean, phytoplankton are dependent on communities of bacteria living in the phycosphere, a hot spot of metabolic and genetic exchange. Many types of interactions between phytoplankton and phycosphere bacteria have been shown, but it is unclear if the microbial communities associated with microalgae strains in culture collections are beneficial or harmful to the host strain. Here, we studied the microbial communities associated with four strains of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum that had been isolated from distant geographical locations and maintained in culture collection for hundreds of generations. Community composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dinoflagellate host strain was the strongest parameter separating communities, while growth phase, lifestyle (particle-attached versus free-living) and temperature had only a modulating effect. Although the strains had been isolated from distant locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, 14 ASVs were shared among all strains, the most abundant ones being Gilvibacter, Marivita, uncultivated Rhodobacteraceae, Marinobacter, Hyphomonadaceae, Cupriavidus, Variovorax, and Paucibacter. Adaptation to higher temperatures resulted in specific changes in each phycosphere microbiome, including increased abundance of rare community members. We then compared the growth of the four xenic cultures to that of the axenic P. cordatum CCMP1329. At 20°C, growth of the xenic cultures was similar or slower than that of CCMP1329. At 26°C, all four xenic cultures experienced a death phase, while the axenic culture stably remained in the stationary phase. At 30°C, only two of the xenic cultures were able to grow. A shift of dinoflagellate metabolism from autotrophy to mixotrophy and competition between dinoflagellate and bacteria for limiting nutrients, including essential vitamins, may contribute to these differences in growth patterns. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9555710/ /pubmed/36246277 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.952238 Text en Copyright © 2022 Sanchez-Garcia, Wang and Wagner-Döbler. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Sanchez-Garcia, Selene Wang, Hui Wagner-Döbler, Irene The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
title | The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
title_full | The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
title_fullStr | The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed | The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
title_short | The microbiome of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
title_sort | microbiome of the dinoflagellate prorocentrum cordatum in laboratory culture and its changes at higher temperatures |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9555710/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36246277 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.952238 |
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