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Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function

The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine function and plays an important role in digestion and glucose control. Understanding the development of the pancreas, grossly and microscopically, and the genetic factors regulating it provides further insight into clinical problems that arise when these...

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Autores principales: Mehta, Vijay, Hopson, Puanani E., Smadi, Yamen, Patel, Samit B., Horvath, Karoly, Mehta, Devendra I.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9557127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36245741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.909648
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author Mehta, Vijay
Hopson, Puanani E.
Smadi, Yamen
Patel, Samit B.
Horvath, Karoly
Mehta, Devendra I.
author_facet Mehta, Vijay
Hopson, Puanani E.
Smadi, Yamen
Patel, Samit B.
Horvath, Karoly
Mehta, Devendra I.
author_sort Mehta, Vijay
collection PubMed
description The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine function and plays an important role in digestion and glucose control. Understanding the development of the pancreas, grossly and microscopically, and the genetic factors regulating it provides further insight into clinical problems that arise when these processes fail. Animal models of development are known to have inherent issues when understanding human development. Therefore, in this review, we focus on human studies that have reported gross and microscopic development including acinar-, ductal-, and endocrine cells and the neural network. We review the genes and transcription factors involved in organ formation using data from animal models to bridge current understanding where necessary. We describe the development of exocrine function in the fetus and postnatally. A deeper review of the genes involved in pancreatic formation allows us to describe the development of the different groups (proteases, lipids, and amylase) of enzymes during fetal life and postnatally and describe the genetic defects. We discuss the constellation of gross anatomical, as well as microscopic defects that with genetic mutations lead to pancreatic insufficiency and disease states.
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spelling pubmed-95571272022-10-14 Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function Mehta, Vijay Hopson, Puanani E. Smadi, Yamen Patel, Samit B. Horvath, Karoly Mehta, Devendra I. Front Pediatr Pediatrics The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine function and plays an important role in digestion and glucose control. Understanding the development of the pancreas, grossly and microscopically, and the genetic factors regulating it provides further insight into clinical problems that arise when these processes fail. Animal models of development are known to have inherent issues when understanding human development. Therefore, in this review, we focus on human studies that have reported gross and microscopic development including acinar-, ductal-, and endocrine cells and the neural network. We review the genes and transcription factors involved in organ formation using data from animal models to bridge current understanding where necessary. We describe the development of exocrine function in the fetus and postnatally. A deeper review of the genes involved in pancreatic formation allows us to describe the development of the different groups (proteases, lipids, and amylase) of enzymes during fetal life and postnatally and describe the genetic defects. We discuss the constellation of gross anatomical, as well as microscopic defects that with genetic mutations lead to pancreatic insufficiency and disease states. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9557127/ /pubmed/36245741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.909648 Text en Copyright © 2022 Mehta, Hopson, Smadi, Patel, Horvath and Mehta. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pediatrics
Mehta, Vijay
Hopson, Puanani E.
Smadi, Yamen
Patel, Samit B.
Horvath, Karoly
Mehta, Devendra I.
Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
title Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
title_full Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
title_fullStr Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
title_full_unstemmed Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
title_short Development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
title_sort development of the human pancreas and its exocrine function
topic Pediatrics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9557127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36245741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.909648
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