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The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice

Gangliosides are a family of sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids highly enriched in plasma membranes of the vertebrate nervous system. They are functionally diverse in modulating nervous system integrity, notably at the node of Ranvier, and also act as receptors for many ligands including toxi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: McGonigal, Rhona, Willison, Hugh J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9558150/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34605014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.13562
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author McGonigal, Rhona
Willison, Hugh J.
author_facet McGonigal, Rhona
Willison, Hugh J.
author_sort McGonigal, Rhona
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description Gangliosides are a family of sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids highly enriched in plasma membranes of the vertebrate nervous system. They are functionally diverse in modulating nervous system integrity, notably at the node of Ranvier, and also act as receptors for many ligands including toxins and autoantibodies. They are synthesised in a stepwise manner by groups of glycosyl‐ and sialyltransferases in a developmentally and tissue regulated manner. In this review, we summarise and discuss data derived from transgenic mice with different transferase deficiencies that have been used to determine the role of glycolipids in the organisation of the node of Ranvier. Understanding their role at this specialised functional site is crucial to determining differential pathophysiology following directed genetic or autoimmune injury to peripheral nerve nodal or paranodal domains, and revealing the downstream consequences of axo‐glial disruption.
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spelling pubmed-95581502022-10-16 The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice McGonigal, Rhona Willison, Hugh J. J Anat Original Paper Gangliosides are a family of sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids highly enriched in plasma membranes of the vertebrate nervous system. They are functionally diverse in modulating nervous system integrity, notably at the node of Ranvier, and also act as receptors for many ligands including toxins and autoantibodies. They are synthesised in a stepwise manner by groups of glycosyl‐ and sialyltransferases in a developmentally and tissue regulated manner. In this review, we summarise and discuss data derived from transgenic mice with different transferase deficiencies that have been used to determine the role of glycolipids in the organisation of the node of Ranvier. Understanding their role at this specialised functional site is crucial to determining differential pathophysiology following directed genetic or autoimmune injury to peripheral nerve nodal or paranodal domains, and revealing the downstream consequences of axo‐glial disruption. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-10-03 2022-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9558150/ /pubmed/34605014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.13562 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Anatomy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Anatomical Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Paper
McGonigal, Rhona
Willison, Hugh J.
The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
title The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
title_full The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
title_fullStr The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
title_full_unstemmed The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
title_short The role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of Ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
title_sort role of gangliosides in the organisation of the node of ranvier examined in glycosyltransferase transgenic mice
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9558150/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34605014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.13562
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