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Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks

Ruminal microflora is closely correlated with the ruminant’s diet. However, information regarding the effect of high concentrate diets on rumen microflora in yaks is lacking. In the current study, 24 healthy male yaks were randomly assigned to two groups, each fed with different diets: less concentr...

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Autores principales: Pang, Kaiyue, Dai, Dongwen, Yang, Yingkui, Wang, Xun, Liu, Shujie, Huang, Weihua, Xue, Bin, Chai, Shatuo, Wang, ShuXiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9558216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36246255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.957152
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author Pang, Kaiyue
Dai, Dongwen
Yang, Yingkui
Wang, Xun
Liu, Shujie
Huang, Weihua
Xue, Bin
Chai, Shatuo
Wang, ShuXiang
author_facet Pang, Kaiyue
Dai, Dongwen
Yang, Yingkui
Wang, Xun
Liu, Shujie
Huang, Weihua
Xue, Bin
Chai, Shatuo
Wang, ShuXiang
author_sort Pang, Kaiyue
collection PubMed
description Ruminal microflora is closely correlated with the ruminant’s diet. However, information regarding the effect of high concentrate diets on rumen microflora in yaks is lacking. In the current study, 24 healthy male yaks were randomly assigned to two groups, each fed with different diets: less concentrate (LC; concentrate: coarse = 40: 60) and high concentrate (HC; concentrate: coarse = 80: 20) diets. Subsequently, a 21-day feeding trial was performed with the yaks, and rumen fluid samples were collected and compared using 16 s rRNA sequencing. The results showed that NH(3)-N, total VFA, acetate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate were significantly higher in the HC group than that in the LC group (p < 0.05), while microbial diversity and richness were significantly lower in the HC group (p < 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis indicated that rumen microflora was significantly different in LC and HC groups (p < 0.05). In the rumen, phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the most abundant bacteria, with Firmicutes being more abundant, and Bacteroidota being less abundant in the HC group than those found in the LC group. Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Prevotella are the highest abundant ones at the genus level. The relative abundance of Acetitomaculum, Ruminococcus, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas were significantly higher in the HC group than that in the LC group (p < 0.05), while the relative abundance of Olsenella was significantly lower in the HC group than in the LC group (p < 0.05). Compared to the LC group, the relative abundance of Prevotella, Ruminococcus, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas was significantly higher in the HC group. The relative abundances of Prevotella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Olsenella, Ruminococcus, Acetitomaculum, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and NK4A214_group were correlated with ruminal fermentation parameters (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PICRUSt 2 estimation indicated that microbial genes associated with valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis were overexpressed in the rumen microflora of yaks in the HC group (p < 0.05). Conclusively, our results suggest that high concentrate diets affect the microflora composition and fermentation function in yak rumen. The present findings would provide new insights into the health of yaks under high concentrate feeding conditions and serve as a potent reference for the short-term fattening processes of yaks.
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spelling pubmed-95582162022-10-14 Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks Pang, Kaiyue Dai, Dongwen Yang, Yingkui Wang, Xun Liu, Shujie Huang, Weihua Xue, Bin Chai, Shatuo Wang, ShuXiang Front Microbiol Microbiology Ruminal microflora is closely correlated with the ruminant’s diet. However, information regarding the effect of high concentrate diets on rumen microflora in yaks is lacking. In the current study, 24 healthy male yaks were randomly assigned to two groups, each fed with different diets: less concentrate (LC; concentrate: coarse = 40: 60) and high concentrate (HC; concentrate: coarse = 80: 20) diets. Subsequently, a 21-day feeding trial was performed with the yaks, and rumen fluid samples were collected and compared using 16 s rRNA sequencing. The results showed that NH(3)-N, total VFA, acetate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate were significantly higher in the HC group than that in the LC group (p < 0.05), while microbial diversity and richness were significantly lower in the HC group (p < 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis indicated that rumen microflora was significantly different in LC and HC groups (p < 0.05). In the rumen, phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the most abundant bacteria, with Firmicutes being more abundant, and Bacteroidota being less abundant in the HC group than those found in the LC group. Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Prevotella are the highest abundant ones at the genus level. The relative abundance of Acetitomaculum, Ruminococcus, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas were significantly higher in the HC group than that in the LC group (p < 0.05), while the relative abundance of Olsenella was significantly lower in the HC group than in the LC group (p < 0.05). Compared to the LC group, the relative abundance of Prevotella, Ruminococcus, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas was significantly higher in the HC group. The relative abundances of Prevotella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Olsenella, Ruminococcus, Acetitomaculum, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and NK4A214_group were correlated with ruminal fermentation parameters (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PICRUSt 2 estimation indicated that microbial genes associated with valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis were overexpressed in the rumen microflora of yaks in the HC group (p < 0.05). Conclusively, our results suggest that high concentrate diets affect the microflora composition and fermentation function in yak rumen. The present findings would provide new insights into the health of yaks under high concentrate feeding conditions and serve as a potent reference for the short-term fattening processes of yaks. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9558216/ /pubmed/36246255 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.957152 Text en Copyright © 2022 Pang, Dai, Yang, Wang, Liu, Huang, Xue, Chai and Wang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Pang, Kaiyue
Dai, Dongwen
Yang, Yingkui
Wang, Xun
Liu, Shujie
Huang, Weihua
Xue, Bin
Chai, Shatuo
Wang, ShuXiang
Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
title Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
title_full Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
title_fullStr Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
title_full_unstemmed Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
title_short Effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
title_sort effects of high concentrate rations on ruminal fermentation and microbiota of yaks
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9558216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36246255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.957152
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