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COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is considered one of the most significant medical pandemics of this century, with high morbidity and mortality associated with the pandemic. The virus was recognized initially as a cause of pneumonia, but subsequent studies showed significant association with gastrointest...

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Autores principales: Ahmed, Mohanad, Mohamed, Sabah, Alhussein, Hussein, Eltazi, Isra, Sibira, Rayan M, Abdulhadi, Ahmad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9559358/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36258941
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29075
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author Ahmed, Mohanad
Mohamed, Sabah
Alhussein, Hussein
Eltazi, Isra
Sibira, Rayan M
Abdulhadi, Ahmad
author_facet Ahmed, Mohanad
Mohamed, Sabah
Alhussein, Hussein
Eltazi, Isra
Sibira, Rayan M
Abdulhadi, Ahmad
author_sort Ahmed, Mohanad
collection PubMed
description Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is considered one of the most significant medical pandemics of this century, with high morbidity and mortality associated with the pandemic. The virus was recognized initially as a cause of pneumonia, but subsequent studies showed significant association with gastrointestinal, neurological, and autoimmune diseases. By 2020, several vaccines became available for use, significantly reducing the infection rate. A good safety profile supported most of the studies related to vaccines. However, this area is still under study, and some reports linked the COVID-19 vaccine to the development of thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, autoimmune diseases, and myocarditis. These side effects need to be reported to VAERS (Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System). The exact etiology of anti-glomerular basement (Anti-GBM) disease remains unknown, but the disease is thought to be triggered by environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. It is considered one of the serious diseases that could lead to permanent kidney impairment if not treated early and adequately. That's why a great effort is being made by health care practitioners to figure out and avoid the risk and triggering factors. Few previously published papers linked the COVID-19 vaccine and the development of anti-GBM disease, which raised concerns about digging more into this area. Herein, we are reporting a case of a patient who developed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) due to anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody disease two days after receiving the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.
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spelling pubmed-95593582022-10-17 COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review Ahmed, Mohanad Mohamed, Sabah Alhussein, Hussein Eltazi, Isra Sibira, Rayan M Abdulhadi, Ahmad Cureus Internal Medicine Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is considered one of the most significant medical pandemics of this century, with high morbidity and mortality associated with the pandemic. The virus was recognized initially as a cause of pneumonia, but subsequent studies showed significant association with gastrointestinal, neurological, and autoimmune diseases. By 2020, several vaccines became available for use, significantly reducing the infection rate. A good safety profile supported most of the studies related to vaccines. However, this area is still under study, and some reports linked the COVID-19 vaccine to the development of thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, autoimmune diseases, and myocarditis. These side effects need to be reported to VAERS (Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System). The exact etiology of anti-glomerular basement (Anti-GBM) disease remains unknown, but the disease is thought to be triggered by environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. It is considered one of the serious diseases that could lead to permanent kidney impairment if not treated early and adequately. That's why a great effort is being made by health care practitioners to figure out and avoid the risk and triggering factors. Few previously published papers linked the COVID-19 vaccine and the development of anti-GBM disease, which raised concerns about digging more into this area. Herein, we are reporting a case of a patient who developed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) due to anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody disease two days after receiving the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Cureus 2022-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9559358/ /pubmed/36258941 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29075 Text en Copyright © 2022, Ahmed et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Ahmed, Mohanad
Mohamed, Sabah
Alhussein, Hussein
Eltazi, Isra
Sibira, Rayan M
Abdulhadi, Ahmad
COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
title COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_full COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_fullStr COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_short COVID-19 Vaccine as a Potential Triggering Factor for Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_sort covid-19 vaccine as a potential triggering factor for anti-glomerular basement membrane (gbm) disease: a case report and literature review
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9559358/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36258941
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29075
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