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COVID-19 and the heart
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in December 2019 due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a strain of SARS-CoV. Patients infected with the virus present a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from mild flu-like symptoms, cough, feve...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36246800 http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i28.9970 |
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author | Xanthopoulos, Andrew Bourazana, Angeliki Giamouzis, Grigorios Skoularigki, Evangelia Dimos, Apostolos Zagouras, Alexandros Papamichalis, Michail Leventis, Ioannis Magouliotis, Dimitrios E Triposkiadis, Filippos Skoularigis, John |
author_facet | Xanthopoulos, Andrew Bourazana, Angeliki Giamouzis, Grigorios Skoularigki, Evangelia Dimos, Apostolos Zagouras, Alexandros Papamichalis, Michail Leventis, Ioannis Magouliotis, Dimitrios E Triposkiadis, Filippos Skoularigis, John |
author_sort | Xanthopoulos, Andrew |
collection | PubMed |
description | An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in December 2019 due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a strain of SARS-CoV. Patients infected with the virus present a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from mild flu-like symptoms, cough, fever and fatigue to severe lung injury, appearing as bilateral interstitial pneumonia or acute respiratory failure. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection predominantly offends the respiratory system, it has been associated with several cardiovascular complications as well. For example, patients with COVID-19 may either develop type 2 myocardial infarction due to myocardial oxygen demand and supply imbalance or acute coronary syndrome resulting from excessive inflammatory response to the primary infection. The incidence of COVID-19 related myocarditis is estimated to be accountable for an average of 7% of all COVID-19 related fatal cases, whereas heart failure (HF) may develop due to infiltration of the heart by inflammatory cells, destructive action of pro-inflammatory cytokines, micro-thrombosis and new onset or aggravated endothelial and respiratory failure. Lastly, SARS-CoV-2 can engender arrhythmias through direct myocardial damage causing acute myocarditis or through HF decompensation or secondary, through respiratory failure or severe respiratory distress syndrome. In this comprehensive review we summarize the COVID-19 related cardiovascular complications (acute coronary syndromes, myocarditis, HF, arrhythmias) and discuss the main underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9561576 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95615762022-10-15 COVID-19 and the heart Xanthopoulos, Andrew Bourazana, Angeliki Giamouzis, Grigorios Skoularigki, Evangelia Dimos, Apostolos Zagouras, Alexandros Papamichalis, Michail Leventis, Ioannis Magouliotis, Dimitrios E Triposkiadis, Filippos Skoularigis, John World J Clin Cases Review An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in December 2019 due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a strain of SARS-CoV. Patients infected with the virus present a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from mild flu-like symptoms, cough, fever and fatigue to severe lung injury, appearing as bilateral interstitial pneumonia or acute respiratory failure. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection predominantly offends the respiratory system, it has been associated with several cardiovascular complications as well. For example, patients with COVID-19 may either develop type 2 myocardial infarction due to myocardial oxygen demand and supply imbalance or acute coronary syndrome resulting from excessive inflammatory response to the primary infection. The incidence of COVID-19 related myocarditis is estimated to be accountable for an average of 7% of all COVID-19 related fatal cases, whereas heart failure (HF) may develop due to infiltration of the heart by inflammatory cells, destructive action of pro-inflammatory cytokines, micro-thrombosis and new onset or aggravated endothelial and respiratory failure. Lastly, SARS-CoV-2 can engender arrhythmias through direct myocardial damage causing acute myocarditis or through HF decompensation or secondary, through respiratory failure or severe respiratory distress syndrome. In this comprehensive review we summarize the COVID-19 related cardiovascular complications (acute coronary syndromes, myocarditis, HF, arrhythmias) and discuss the main underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2022-10-06 2022-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9561576/ /pubmed/36246800 http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i28.9970 Text en ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. |
spellingShingle | Review Xanthopoulos, Andrew Bourazana, Angeliki Giamouzis, Grigorios Skoularigki, Evangelia Dimos, Apostolos Zagouras, Alexandros Papamichalis, Michail Leventis, Ioannis Magouliotis, Dimitrios E Triposkiadis, Filippos Skoularigis, John COVID-19 and the heart |
title | COVID-19 and the heart |
title_full | COVID-19 and the heart |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 and the heart |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 and the heart |
title_short | COVID-19 and the heart |
title_sort | covid-19 and the heart |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36246800 http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i28.9970 |
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