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Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. METHODS: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36409555 http://dx.doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248 |
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author | Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini Ornell, Felipe Roglio, Vinícius Serafini Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo Pechansky, Flavio Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer von Diemen, Lisia |
author_facet | Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini Ornell, Felipe Roglio, Vinícius Serafini Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo Pechansky, Flavio Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer von Diemen, Lisia |
author_sort | Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. METHODS: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction treatment units. Cox regression models evaluated the time of progression from first drug use to crack use. We analyzed gender differences according to the absence or presence of sexual or physical violence, also considering whether violence, when present, had occurred before or after the onset of crack use. RESULTS: Women presented a faster progression to crack use regardless of exposure to sexual or physical violence (p < 0.05). Compared to unexposed men, there was a similar progression for men exposed to sexual or physical violence before the first use of crack (p = 0.167 and p = 0.393, respectively). In both genders, we observed a faster progression among individuals exposed to these types of violence after the onset of crack use (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We found a faster progression to crack use among women and among individuals exposed to sexual and physical violence after the onset of crack use. These results encourage differentiated treatment strategies, focused on gender and individual characteristics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9561837 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95618372022-10-29 Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini Ornell, Felipe Roglio, Vinícius Serafini Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo Pechansky, Flavio Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer von Diemen, Lisia Braz J Psychiatry Original Article OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. METHODS: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction treatment units. Cox regression models evaluated the time of progression from first drug use to crack use. We analyzed gender differences according to the absence or presence of sexual or physical violence, also considering whether violence, when present, had occurred before or after the onset of crack use. RESULTS: Women presented a faster progression to crack use regardless of exposure to sexual or physical violence (p < 0.05). Compared to unexposed men, there was a similar progression for men exposed to sexual or physical violence before the first use of crack (p = 0.167 and p = 0.393, respectively). In both genders, we observed a faster progression among individuals exposed to these types of violence after the onset of crack use (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We found a faster progression to crack use among women and among individuals exposed to sexual and physical violence after the onset of crack use. These results encourage differentiated treatment strategies, focused on gender and individual characteristics. Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2022-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9561837/ /pubmed/36409555 http://dx.doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini Ornell, Felipe Roglio, Vinícius Serafini Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo Pechansky, Flavio Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer von Diemen, Lisia Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
title | Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
title_full | Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
title_fullStr | Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
title_full_unstemmed | Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
title_short | Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
title_sort | gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36409555 http://dx.doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248 |
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