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Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. METHODS: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction...

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Autores principales: Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini, Ornell, Felipe, Roglio, Vinícius Serafini, Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno, Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo, Pechansky, Flavio, Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim, Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer, von Diemen, Lisia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36409555
http://dx.doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248
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author Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini
Ornell, Felipe
Roglio, Vinícius Serafini
Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno
Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo
Pechansky, Flavio
Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim
Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer
von Diemen, Lisia
author_facet Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini
Ornell, Felipe
Roglio, Vinícius Serafini
Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno
Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo
Pechansky, Flavio
Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim
Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer
von Diemen, Lisia
author_sort Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. METHODS: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction treatment units. Cox regression models evaluated the time of progression from first drug use to crack use. We analyzed gender differences according to the absence or presence of sexual or physical violence, also considering whether violence, when present, had occurred before or after the onset of crack use. RESULTS: Women presented a faster progression to crack use regardless of exposure to sexual or physical violence (p < 0.05). Compared to unexposed men, there was a similar progression for men exposed to sexual or physical violence before the first use of crack (p = 0.167 and p = 0.393, respectively). In both genders, we observed a faster progression among individuals exposed to these types of violence after the onset of crack use (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We found a faster progression to crack use among women and among individuals exposed to sexual and physical violence after the onset of crack use. These results encourage differentiated treatment strategies, focused on gender and individual characteristics.
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spelling pubmed-95618372022-10-29 Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini Ornell, Felipe Roglio, Vinícius Serafini Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo Pechansky, Flavio Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer von Diemen, Lisia Braz J Psychiatry Original Article OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. METHODS: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction treatment units. Cox regression models evaluated the time of progression from first drug use to crack use. We analyzed gender differences according to the absence or presence of sexual or physical violence, also considering whether violence, when present, had occurred before or after the onset of crack use. RESULTS: Women presented a faster progression to crack use regardless of exposure to sexual or physical violence (p < 0.05). Compared to unexposed men, there was a similar progression for men exposed to sexual or physical violence before the first use of crack (p = 0.167 and p = 0.393, respectively). In both genders, we observed a faster progression among individuals exposed to these types of violence after the onset of crack use (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We found a faster progression to crack use among women and among individuals exposed to sexual and physical violence after the onset of crack use. These results encourage differentiated treatment strategies, focused on gender and individual characteristics. Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2022-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9561837/ /pubmed/36409555 http://dx.doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Rebelatto, Fernando Pezzini
Ornell, Felipe
Roglio, Vinícius Serafini
Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno
Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo
Pechansky, Flavio
Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim
Schuch, Jaqueline Bohrer
von Diemen, Lisia
Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
title Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
title_full Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
title_fullStr Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
title_full_unstemmed Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
title_short Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
title_sort gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36409555
http://dx.doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248
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