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Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562181/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36230921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11192959 |
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author | Łuc, Mateusz Woźniak, Marta Rymaszewska, Joanna |
author_facet | Łuc, Mateusz Woźniak, Marta Rymaszewska, Joanna |
author_sort | Łuc, Mateusz |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects of pro-inflammatory signaling and sources of inflammatory activation in the human organism, including a novel infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2. The role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, as well as potential therapeutic approaches, are then discussed. Peripheral immune response and increased cytokine production, including an early surge in TNF and IL-1β concentrations activate glia, leading to aggravation of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of neurons during COVID-19. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, have a large impact on future cognitive outcomes and should be included as a crucial intervention in dementia prevention. While the use of NSAIDs is not recommended due to inconclusive results on their efficacy and risk of side effects, the studies focused on the use of TNF antagonists as the more specific target in neuroinflammation are still very limited. It is still unknown, to what degree neuroinflammation resulting from COVID-19 may affect neurodegenerative process and cognitive functioning in the long term with ongoing reports of chronic post-COVID complications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9562181 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95621812022-10-15 Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting Łuc, Mateusz Woźniak, Marta Rymaszewska, Joanna Cells Review Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects of pro-inflammatory signaling and sources of inflammatory activation in the human organism, including a novel infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2. The role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, as well as potential therapeutic approaches, are then discussed. Peripheral immune response and increased cytokine production, including an early surge in TNF and IL-1β concentrations activate glia, leading to aggravation of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of neurons during COVID-19. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, have a large impact on future cognitive outcomes and should be included as a crucial intervention in dementia prevention. While the use of NSAIDs is not recommended due to inconclusive results on their efficacy and risk of side effects, the studies focused on the use of TNF antagonists as the more specific target in neuroinflammation are still very limited. It is still unknown, to what degree neuroinflammation resulting from COVID-19 may affect neurodegenerative process and cognitive functioning in the long term with ongoing reports of chronic post-COVID complications. MDPI 2022-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9562181/ /pubmed/36230921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11192959 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Łuc, Mateusz Woźniak, Marta Rymaszewska, Joanna Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting |
title | Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting |
title_full | Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting |
title_fullStr | Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting |
title_short | Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting |
title_sort | neuroinflammation in dementia—therapeutic directions in a covid-19 pandemic setting |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562181/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36230921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11192959 |
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