Cargando…

Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting

Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Łuc, Mateusz, Woźniak, Marta, Rymaszewska, Joanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36230921
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11192959
_version_ 1784808112327229440
author Łuc, Mateusz
Woźniak, Marta
Rymaszewska, Joanna
author_facet Łuc, Mateusz
Woźniak, Marta
Rymaszewska, Joanna
author_sort Łuc, Mateusz
collection PubMed
description Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects of pro-inflammatory signaling and sources of inflammatory activation in the human organism, including a novel infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2. The role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, as well as potential therapeutic approaches, are then discussed. Peripheral immune response and increased cytokine production, including an early surge in TNF and IL-1β concentrations activate glia, leading to aggravation of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of neurons during COVID-19. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, have a large impact on future cognitive outcomes and should be included as a crucial intervention in dementia prevention. While the use of NSAIDs is not recommended due to inconclusive results on their efficacy and risk of side effects, the studies focused on the use of TNF antagonists as the more specific target in neuroinflammation are still very limited. It is still unknown, to what degree neuroinflammation resulting from COVID-19 may affect neurodegenerative process and cognitive functioning in the long term with ongoing reports of chronic post-COVID complications.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9562181
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-95621812022-10-15 Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting Łuc, Mateusz Woźniak, Marta Rymaszewska, Joanna Cells Review Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects of pro-inflammatory signaling and sources of inflammatory activation in the human organism, including a novel infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2. The role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, as well as potential therapeutic approaches, are then discussed. Peripheral immune response and increased cytokine production, including an early surge in TNF and IL-1β concentrations activate glia, leading to aggravation of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of neurons during COVID-19. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, have a large impact on future cognitive outcomes and should be included as a crucial intervention in dementia prevention. While the use of NSAIDs is not recommended due to inconclusive results on their efficacy and risk of side effects, the studies focused on the use of TNF antagonists as the more specific target in neuroinflammation are still very limited. It is still unknown, to what degree neuroinflammation resulting from COVID-19 may affect neurodegenerative process and cognitive functioning in the long term with ongoing reports of chronic post-COVID complications. MDPI 2022-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9562181/ /pubmed/36230921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11192959 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Łuc, Mateusz
Woźniak, Marta
Rymaszewska, Joanna
Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
title Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
title_full Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
title_fullStr Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
title_full_unstemmed Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
title_short Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting
title_sort neuroinflammation in dementia—therapeutic directions in a covid-19 pandemic setting
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36230921
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11192959
work_keys_str_mv AT łucmateusz neuroinflammationindementiatherapeuticdirectionsinacovid19pandemicsetting
AT wozniakmarta neuroinflammationindementiatherapeuticdirectionsinacovid19pandemicsetting
AT rymaszewskajoanna neuroinflammationindementiatherapeuticdirectionsinacovid19pandemicsetting