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Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation

The application of NIR to optogenetic systems is in great demand due to its superior properties enabling in vivo deep tissue penetration. Irradiation of NIR to tissue samples or cells rapidly generates heat locally. The resultant elevation in temperature affects cells at the molecular level because...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dong, Qi, Endo, Mizuki, Kawamura, Genki, Ozawa, Takeaki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9564263/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231098
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193136
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author Dong, Qi
Endo, Mizuki
Kawamura, Genki
Ozawa, Takeaki
author_facet Dong, Qi
Endo, Mizuki
Kawamura, Genki
Ozawa, Takeaki
author_sort Dong, Qi
collection PubMed
description The application of NIR to optogenetic systems is in great demand due to its superior properties enabling in vivo deep tissue penetration. Irradiation of NIR to tissue samples or cells rapidly generates heat locally. The resultant elevation in temperature affects cells at the molecular level because of the activation of the heat shock pathway and ROS generation. Nevertheless, few reports have presented detailed comparisons of the effects of the temperature change rate on signaling pathway biomolecules, especially those of rapid heat changes. Aiming at broadening the understanding of temperature sensitivity, we investigated seven insulin signaling pathway biomolecules (INSR, IRS1, Akt, GSK3β, p70S6K, FoxO1, and ERK1/2) in three cell lines (C2C12, HepG2, and Fao) at temperatures between 25 and 45 °C. The results show that, except for INSR, pAkt(T308), and FoxO1, biomolecules are sensitive to rapid temperature changes at temperatures higher than 42 °C, at which they are significantly phosphorylated. At 25 °C, around a 50% reduction in phosphorylation occurred. Moreover, p70S6K is sensitive over time. It dephosphorylates quickly (5 min) and then phosphorylates over time. Our findings extend the temperature range to 45 °C, while providing additional time course information about the signaling pathway biomolecule response necessary to advance NIR optogenetic research.
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spelling pubmed-95642632022-10-15 Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation Dong, Qi Endo, Mizuki Kawamura, Genki Ozawa, Takeaki Cells Article The application of NIR to optogenetic systems is in great demand due to its superior properties enabling in vivo deep tissue penetration. Irradiation of NIR to tissue samples or cells rapidly generates heat locally. The resultant elevation in temperature affects cells at the molecular level because of the activation of the heat shock pathway and ROS generation. Nevertheless, few reports have presented detailed comparisons of the effects of the temperature change rate on signaling pathway biomolecules, especially those of rapid heat changes. Aiming at broadening the understanding of temperature sensitivity, we investigated seven insulin signaling pathway biomolecules (INSR, IRS1, Akt, GSK3β, p70S6K, FoxO1, and ERK1/2) in three cell lines (C2C12, HepG2, and Fao) at temperatures between 25 and 45 °C. The results show that, except for INSR, pAkt(T308), and FoxO1, biomolecules are sensitive to rapid temperature changes at temperatures higher than 42 °C, at which they are significantly phosphorylated. At 25 °C, around a 50% reduction in phosphorylation occurred. Moreover, p70S6K is sensitive over time. It dephosphorylates quickly (5 min) and then phosphorylates over time. Our findings extend the temperature range to 45 °C, while providing additional time course information about the signaling pathway biomolecule response necessary to advance NIR optogenetic research. MDPI 2022-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9564263/ /pubmed/36231098 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193136 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dong, Qi
Endo, Mizuki
Kawamura, Genki
Ozawa, Takeaki
Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation
title Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation
title_full Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation
title_fullStr Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation
title_full_unstemmed Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation
title_short Systematic Interrogation of the Temperature Perturbation in the Insulin Signaling Pathway for Optogenetic Stimulation
title_sort systematic interrogation of the temperature perturbation in the insulin signaling pathway for optogenetic stimulation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9564263/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231098
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193136
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