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Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper

The most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR). The control of DR risk factors is essential for the effective prevention of DR. There is currently a lack of research to guide DR-related research in Malaysia. This concept paper aimed to review published studies an...

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Autores principales: Naserrudin, Nurul Athirah, Jeffree, Mohammad Saffree, Kaur, Nirmal, Rahim, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul, Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9564907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912426
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author Naserrudin, Nurul Athirah
Jeffree, Mohammad Saffree
Kaur, Nirmal
Rahim, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul
Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof
author_facet Naserrudin, Nurul Athirah
Jeffree, Mohammad Saffree
Kaur, Nirmal
Rahim, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul
Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof
author_sort Naserrudin, Nurul Athirah
collection PubMed
description The most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR). The control of DR risk factors is essential for the effective prevention of DR. There is currently a lack of research to guide DR-related research in Malaysia. This concept paper aimed to review published studies and propose a conceptual framework (CF) as a guide for future research to determine the prevalence of DR and its risk factors across DM patients. After a review of prior research, this study has presented a CF that takes into account these four key elements: the patient’s sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, complications, and diabetes conditions, namely, the length of the disease and glycaemic control. In the suggested CF, ethnicity was highlighted as a crucial risk factor for DR across lower- to middle-income countries (LMIC) and multiracial countries. In order to guide future studies, scientific guidance is essential. The proposed CF would help future research to conduct scientific research related to DR. Also, the proposed CF was tailored to suit research across LMIC and multiracial countries.
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spelling pubmed-95649072022-10-15 Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper Naserrudin, Nurul Athirah Jeffree, Mohammad Saffree Kaur, Nirmal Rahim, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof Int J Environ Res Public Health Concept Paper The most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR). The control of DR risk factors is essential for the effective prevention of DR. There is currently a lack of research to guide DR-related research in Malaysia. This concept paper aimed to review published studies and propose a conceptual framework (CF) as a guide for future research to determine the prevalence of DR and its risk factors across DM patients. After a review of prior research, this study has presented a CF that takes into account these four key elements: the patient’s sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, complications, and diabetes conditions, namely, the length of the disease and glycaemic control. In the suggested CF, ethnicity was highlighted as a crucial risk factor for DR across lower- to middle-income countries (LMIC) and multiracial countries. In order to guide future studies, scientific guidance is essential. The proposed CF would help future research to conduct scientific research related to DR. Also, the proposed CF was tailored to suit research across LMIC and multiracial countries. MDPI 2022-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9564907/ /pubmed/36231721 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912426 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Concept Paper
Naserrudin, Nurul Athirah
Jeffree, Mohammad Saffree
Kaur, Nirmal
Rahim, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul
Ibrahim, Mohd Yusof
Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
title Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
title_full Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
title_fullStr Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
title_full_unstemmed Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
title_short Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
title_sort study on the development of a conceptual framework to identify the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients: a concept paper
topic Concept Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9564907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231721
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912426
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