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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protection to HBV infection...

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Autores principales: Mabunda, Nédio, Vieira, Lúcia, Chelene, Imelda, Maueia, Cremildo, Zicai, Ana Flora, Duajá, Ana, Chale, Falume, Chambal, Lúcia, Vubil, Adolfo, Augusto, Orvalho
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36240262
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276283
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author Mabunda, Nédio
Vieira, Lúcia
Chelene, Imelda
Maueia, Cremildo
Zicai, Ana Flora
Duajá, Ana
Chale, Falume
Chambal, Lúcia
Vubil, Adolfo
Augusto, Orvalho
author_facet Mabunda, Nédio
Vieira, Lúcia
Chelene, Imelda
Maueia, Cremildo
Zicai, Ana Flora
Duajá, Ana
Chale, Falume
Chambal, Lúcia
Vubil, Adolfo
Augusto, Orvalho
author_sort Mabunda, Nédio
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protection to HBV infection in HCWs in Beira, Mozambique. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2020 in Beira City, Mozambique, in HCWs based on self-administered questionnaires and blood samples. Plasma samples were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and HBV viral load (HBV DNA). RESULTS: Most of the 315 HCWs in the study were nurses (125; 39.7%). Of the HCWs, 5.1% (16; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.9 to 8.1%) were infected by HBV (HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive). Occult HBV infection (OBI) (HBV DNA positive and HBsAg negative) was found in 0.3% (1; 95% CI: 0.0 to 1.8%) of participants; 27.9% (88; 95% CI: 23.1 to 33.2%) were susceptible (negative for all markers), 6.3% (20; 95% CI: 3.9 to 9.6) were immune due to natural infection (anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive only), while 60% (189; 95% CI: 54.4 to 65.5) were immune due to vaccination (anti-HBs positive only). CONCLUSION: This study showed a high intermediate prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among healthcare workers in Beira City, Central Mozambique, and one-third of healthcare workers were susceptible to HBV infection. There is a need to implement a national hepatitis B screening and vaccination strategy among healthcare workers in Mozambique.
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spelling pubmed-95657062022-10-15 Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique Mabunda, Nédio Vieira, Lúcia Chelene, Imelda Maueia, Cremildo Zicai, Ana Flora Duajá, Ana Chale, Falume Chambal, Lúcia Vubil, Adolfo Augusto, Orvalho PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protection to HBV infection in HCWs in Beira, Mozambique. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2020 in Beira City, Mozambique, in HCWs based on self-administered questionnaires and blood samples. Plasma samples were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and HBV viral load (HBV DNA). RESULTS: Most of the 315 HCWs in the study were nurses (125; 39.7%). Of the HCWs, 5.1% (16; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.9 to 8.1%) were infected by HBV (HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive). Occult HBV infection (OBI) (HBV DNA positive and HBsAg negative) was found in 0.3% (1; 95% CI: 0.0 to 1.8%) of participants; 27.9% (88; 95% CI: 23.1 to 33.2%) were susceptible (negative for all markers), 6.3% (20; 95% CI: 3.9 to 9.6) were immune due to natural infection (anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive only), while 60% (189; 95% CI: 54.4 to 65.5) were immune due to vaccination (anti-HBs positive only). CONCLUSION: This study showed a high intermediate prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among healthcare workers in Beira City, Central Mozambique, and one-third of healthcare workers were susceptible to HBV infection. There is a need to implement a national hepatitis B screening and vaccination strategy among healthcare workers in Mozambique. Public Library of Science 2022-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9565706/ /pubmed/36240262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276283 Text en © 2022 Mabunda et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mabunda, Nédio
Vieira, Lúcia
Chelene, Imelda
Maueia, Cremildo
Zicai, Ana Flora
Duajá, Ana
Chale, Falume
Chambal, Lúcia
Vubil, Adolfo
Augusto, Orvalho
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
title Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
title_full Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
title_fullStr Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
title_short Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
title_sort prevalence of hepatitis b virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in beira city, mozambique
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36240262
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276283
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