Development, Validity, and Reliability of the Perceived Telemedicine Importance, Disadvantages, and Barriers (PTIDB) Questionnaire for Egyptian Healthcare Professionals

Background: This study aimed to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of the Perceived Telemedicine Importance, Disadvantages, and Barriers (PTIDB) questionnaire for healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Egypt. This study was conducted in three phases: (1) development of the questionnaire, (2) preliminary testing of the questionnaire, and (3) investigation of its validity and reliability using a large survey. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted over two months. A convenience sample of 691 HCPs and clerks from 22 governorates accessed the online survey. The construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal reliability. Results: The initial Eigenvalues showed that all 19 items of the questionnaire explained 56.0% of the variance in three factors. For Factor 1 (importance), eight items were loaded on one factor, with factor loading ranging from 0.61 to 0.78. For Factor 2 (disadvantages), seven items were loaded on one factor with factor loading ranging from 0.60 to 0.79. For Factor 3 (barriers), four items were loaded on one factor, with factor loading ranging from 0.60 to 0.86. The CFA showed that All loadings ranged from 0.4 to 1.0, with CFI = 0.93 and RMSEA = 0.061. All the factors had satisfactory reliability; 0.87 for ‘‘Importance’’, 0.82 for ‘‘Disadvantages’’, and 0.79 for ‘‘Barriers’’. Conclusion: The PTIDB questionnaire has an acceptable level of validity and internal consistency, at a readability level of 12th grade. The retest reliability, however, still needs to be tested.